スペインの大学生の奨学金の遅滞で、学生は借金を余儀無くさせる
La beca, para pagar las deudas
El retraso en el abono de las ayudas provoca que muchos estudiantes se ahoguen en préstamos. El opaco sistema no les permite calcular cuánto les corresponde
Elsa García de Blas Madrid 14 ABR 2014 - 13:27 CET
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The grant, to pay debts
The delay in the payment of aid causes many students drown in loans. The opaque system does not allow them to calculate how rightful
Elsa Garcia de Blas Madrid 14 ABR 2014 - 13:27 CET
When José Antonio Pastor (23 years ) from reaching finally the scholarship this year, will have to dedicate it to repay the loan he had to ask the bank to pay for the second year students of Social Education. He was awarded 1,800 euros, with the support of their parents. No loan could not study . " How are you going to get a run out of money ? People who do not have it can not afford to wait to give us the fellowship after starting the course , "he complains . "I thought , hopefully , I arrive in January , like last year, there are now four months into " account , but found , as thousands of students, in hopes that it was extending more months than expected : yet , and it's April, it has not received full support .
The new scholarship system , which divides the aid of a fixed part and a variable - , required for the calculation of the variable part , knowing the total number of beneficiaries to what needs to be completed to process all applications . The Ministry of Education begins paying fellows fixed part of a maximum of 1,500 euros for low-income students , and another 1,500 if you live away from home and family , with the amount left over, distributes variable, replacing the previous aid supplies, transportation ( if you live far from the school) ... and the processing of 529,000 applications have been delayed until March , so that the aid payment is delayed more than ever this year : late last week , less than three months after the course is over, they have begun to send notifications of the variable part of some of the 322,000 trainees who are entitled to that part of the aid, in many cases, the more substantial . In that long wait , many students have drowned in debts.
Cristina del Real, indebted for the delay of student scholarships . / JULIAN ROJAS
"I have 700 euros to my home ," says Angel Luzon , 20 , which ends this May in Alicante practices his computer course FP . His plan was to continue after studying a higher level FP programming , but now it is thinking. In January 2013 received a grant of 2,400 euros, will account. This year , in mid-April has received only $ 200 of the fixed part . And do not even know when it will receive the rest , because he will not yet reported anything. Meanwhile, I had to buy a laptop for classes. "I leave my mother the money , but I had to sell it , now that I 'm with the practices and I need less , because I could not return it ." His plans to pursue higher FP have been complicated . "Everything that gets me now go to pay debts , and I have to rethink whether to continue studying because , seen how the scholarship is delayed, do not know if I can take the same next year," he says.
The term is already at the limit of six months prescribed by law
The scholarships have never been paid earlier course , because the processing always lengthens few months, but not that late. " Its purpose is completely undermined if paid almost last year ," Almudena Abéjar spokesman Affected Platform Grants , a student organization that together with the web DudasbecasMEC has mobilized to demand payment of aid complains , labeled in social networks or # # tengoderechoamibeca sosbecas . She herself, fifth year student of Economics and Law , has not yet received one euro. " I filed a claim because I did not take into account the subjects they had studied during the Erasmus . An external error was to me, an action still more delays ... you resolve it , "he laments . "My landlord will not care if I have won the award or not, we fellows because we need that money to study," he claimed.
Those living outside the family home are the most difficulty with the delay of this year because the cost of living outside are usually the highest. José Antonio Pastor is a town of Almería , Seron , 80 kilometers from the University of Almería , which was closer to study Social Education , so it shares a flat with three other students in the city. You have rental expenses , transportation to campus ... His parents are unemployed and help little. " I do a little work in the evenings web design, but if I come not to grant such credit would not have been able to start the race," he says. And it was not easy: I had to visit a few banks to achieve this.
"My landlord will not care if I have won the award or not ," says one student
The Ministry of Education blames Catalonia and Andalusia problems this year. The two communities , which have their own management system applications , " have been delayed in sending the data," department sources argue led by José Ignacio Wert . "We executed the payment immediately after the data to be moved ," said a spokesman. The Government sent to the Ministry ensures that all records of the fellows in the month of February, and that the transfer of funds for payment has not reached last week in April. Sources indicate that the Catalan government can not do it faster because until January did not sign the agreement governing the handling and fixed the instructions. In the Andalusian Executive , meanwhile , admit that sent their data in March, but argue that in late January were willing to send several failures and software of the Ministry stopped him. "The problem is this system now is that we will be guilty of a boy from his scholarship Copper Basin not " complain in Catalonia.
The Platform Affected claims that almost paid last year
The term has been stretched so much that is the turnover limit : tomorrow , April 15 , would have to be determined and notified all aid that will be six months ended application period and the law on the legal regime of the Administrations fixed the maximum time to resolve Administrations . " Non-notified after six months could be considered dismissed and could use ," explains Professor Antonio Embid Administrative Law .
And the delay in the payment of aid uncertainty of how much it will receive binds . Before , with the average mark and the income threshold at which it was , they could look up the amount for transportation or material and calculate the exact amount . The previous year , the average amount awarded was 3,190 euros. " This year we are completely blind ," the spokesman for the Platform of People Affected by Scholarships complains . Now the calculation of the variable part is done with a mathematical formula conditional on many factors : family income and academic performance of the trainee , the total number of recipients , the average rating of the best scholars of his branch of knowledge , the amount there to hand after paying all students fixed part of the fellowship ... , among others.
Universities have already expressed their objections to the system
But there are several that are not public data , as the average score of fellows for each branch of knowledge and how much you have left over to pay the variable, so students can not do their own calculation to know what is going to correspond. The Ministry has not responded to HOME on whether advertised below; failure to do so could have a legal problem. "I would be in breach of the prohibition of arbitrariness of government ," says the professor of administrative law . "Without this information , no one would know if it is successful or not the quantity delivered , would open a number of inconceivably high claims ," said the lawyer .
Source : Official Gazette. / COUNTRY
Universities have already expressed their objections to the Ministry this system. " It generates legal uncertainty because the student does not know when or how much to charge ," warns Luis Rodriguez, Vice Chancellor for University students from Oviedo and spokesman for the Conference of Rectors theme scholarships. The campus has prepared a document that they will present to the calling Wert changes , always within the system, because the Ministry , they say, has transmitted them to think not substantially modified. The vice chancellors propose that the amounts of aid based on income brackets and predetermine note , that he was not making a more individualized calculation to postpone payment.
Cristina del Real ( 21 years) is a bright student. It has an average rating of 9.23 in the career of studying Criminology at the University of Seville and also a very low income , living with his mother and sister , his mother is unemployed and remain with the pension they his father passes . You are on the threshold 1 income , the lowest ( for a family of three members, no more than 10,606 euros a year ), so your profile will fit with the minister Wert said would benefit more from the new method : students good note and low income . The grants budget has increased by 250 million euros ( 1,161 million last year to 1,411 this ) . But she, so far, has not done more to borrow money to pay for his career. "I have many expenses books and notes , because my career is very theoretical , and I can not with them ," he complains . His grandparents would have had to leave 500 euros for equipment and transport , is still waiting for the variable part of the scholarship , which still does not know anything. "What 'll you give me now give it to my grandparents and save it for next year because I can not see another year like this," he laments. "I do not want to study, this is an injustice . I'm a good student but it is an obstacle course . "
The requirements of the new aid
Academic demands . The government tightened eligibility requirements for academic assistance . In non-university stage , the repeaters will not enjoy it. And should arrive at school with average grade 6 in ESO . Those who pass the University must do so with a 6.5 average in the entrance exams .
On campus. During the race, to keep the scholarship , must approve all enrolled subjects (less students of engineering and architecture , they have to pass the 85%). The rule also allows assistance to those who pass at least between 80% and 90% of the materials and have an average score of 6.5 on them ( in engineering is required to pass 65% of the subjects with an average of 6 ) .
Economic thresholds . To get the most substantial aid , the families of three members have to live with less than 10,606 per year . To avoid having to pay for college tuition , the maximum that can be earned annually by a three-member household is total 32,697 euros.
Rating of the family home . The sum of the assessed values of properties belonging to the family unit, excluding primary residence , may not exceed 42,900 euros.
If you do not surrender, returned. If the student does not pass the 50 % of enrolled subjects , not only loses the right to grant the following year , but must return the received that year. This past March, the ministry has demanded 249 to reinstate your college scholarships, for a total amount of 357,700 euros.
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