スペインの銀行は、政府の政令により、40'478'000'000ユーロ(404億7800万ユーロ)の資本を節約
La banca salva 40.000 millones en capital gracias a un decreto del Gobierno
Los activos fiscales avalados por el Estado desbordan las previsiones de Guindos
La cifra final superará incluso a la inyección realizada con el rescate europeo
In English: Banks save over €40 billion in capital thanks to government decree
Miguel Jiménez Madrid 24 ABR 2014 - 00:00 CET
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Banks saves 40,000 million in capital through a government decree
Tax assets guaranteed by the State overflow forecasts Guindos
The final figure will surpass even the injection on the European bailout
In Inglés: Banks save over € 40 billion in equity thanks to government decree
Miguel Jiménez Madrid 24 ABR 2014 - 00:00 CET
The oxygen tank given by the Government to the bench with an executive order late last year has exceeded expectations. The rule adopted by the Council of Ministers of 29 last November became monetized , that is guaranteed by the state , some of the tax credits that would allow banks to save taxes in the future . This course has finally saved banks more than 40,000 million euros in capital , according to data compiled by COUNTRY major Spanish financial institutions. The State is responsible for these tax credits if banks can not use them to offset future profits , leading to a risk of loss that the government minimized.
The Bankia group is the most favored with almost 7,000 million euros
The figure of 40.478 million in monetized tax assets totaling 15 major banks exceeds 35% of the estimated 30,000 million for the sector said Economy Minister Luis de Guindos , when presented the decree. A difference of more than 10,000 million.
The group 's deferred tax assets is monetizable BFA in Spain , with 6,957,000 of which 5,249 million correspond to Bankia. Behind are La Caixa (whose total number is not known, but in sum CaixaBank 4.985 million ) , Santander ( with 5,400 million in Spain on a total of 7.900 million), Sabadell ( 4790.7 million) and BBVA ( 4.373 million ) . Controlled by the Fund for Orderly Bank Restructuring (FROB ) banks totaling about 14,800 million in fiscal monetizable assets.
The figures are mostly taken from the memoirs of the entities. In some cases they have been provided by the banks themselves and NCG Banco is the figure that was handled in your auction . Several organizations warn that this is still pending estimates of adjustments and regulatory development.
A pay debt
Deferred tax assets (DTA , for its acronym in English ) are tax benefits or tax savings to be recovered in the future arising from past operations or losses provisions. The most typical example are those arising from general provisions , which reduce bank profits , but are not tax deductible until the loss is realized . But if the deadline was not enough to save these tax benefits , tax assets would expire , so to speak , and the banks lost. With the new standard, the State would pay the debt.
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With international solvency rules in force until 2013 , prosecutors assets posed no problem. Considered an asset and therefore not deducted from the bank capital held . But with the new rules, tax assets are deducted from the capital of banks , punishing their solvency , if not guaranteed , considering that, in general , there is sure to maintain its value in the event of difficulties in the entity.
The impact of the deduction could have a greater impact in Spain than in other countries . " Had we not done this, if we do this modification Corporation Tax , Spanish banks would be in a disadvantage relative to their competitors," Guindos argued . The Spanish tax legislation does not, as in other countries , when a company declares losses, the Treasury return of taxes paid in prior years but is necessary for the company back into profit to offset those taxes. In addition , other countries allowed tax deduction provisions are not accepted here as generic . "When applying in Spain the new solvency rules the paradox that greater coverage in provisions lead to higher deductions from regulatory capital , ie , lead to situations of greater solvency translate occurs, after deductions of tax assets deferred , in lower capital ratios , " reasoned the Bank of Spain .
A major impact on the solvency
Therefore to future stress tests to banking and other steps towards banking union , the Government has favored institutions with the approval of this standard, which has a large impact on capital ratios . In fact, if the figures of entities not included in the calculation are added , the total will exceed 41,300 million provided in the rescue of Spain to recapitalize the banks. That is, the public endorsement of the tax credits to provide solvency figures as much as the bailout , although in ways and with very different implications.
While the rescue was a shot of real capital (most of which has resulted in losses to the public sector despite the claims that were made in the opposite direction from the government) , now what is produced is a kind of endorsement or warranty , the economic impact will depend on what happens over the next 18 years. Only if an entity can not take advantage of these tax credits to save tax within 18 years , or if it liquidated , to incur insolvent, or present financial losses , deferred tax assets would become a direct claim against the Treasury ( in the case of financial losses, the transformation would not be complete , but only in proportion to represent losses on equity ) .
" Here there is no transfer of any capital injection, or any type of loan to the bank ; ie , it is only a strictly accounting consideration, " Guindos said in introducing the norm in the press conference after the Council of Ministers. However, an entity such as Catalunya Banc , has already calculated that the state will have to respond from their tax credits. But that can not happen if you use those deductions for itself within 18 years . Therefore, the minister told the truth , saying that " the impact from the point of view of public finances in the short term , is virtually nonexistent ." The key is the phrase " short term " and that most entities generate sufficient trust benefits other than the State to pay the bill.
The Bank of Spain also said he did not expect the norm imply "a significant decline in government revenue" , since the guarantee is activated only " in cases of low probability of occurrence ."
Applicable to non-financial companies
The International Monetary Fund (IMF ) recommended that in exchange for the oxygen tank conditions were imposed on banks as per their own ways to strengthen capital, reduce the dividend or giving more loans , but the government ignored that advice.
The final wording of the rule , on the other hand , has left the door open to that are not only banks but also other companies , you can monetize their DTA , although the nature of the assets to which it applies (endowments insolvency of the debtor or award and pension plans ) is unlikely to have significant impact.
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