フランスの技術者や相談(顧問)者は、1日に最低11時間は携帯電話や電脳機を切らなければいけない。24時間電脳網に接続され、1日中仕事の奴隷?を防ぐ?
Prohibido conectar con la oficina
En Francia, consultores, los informáticos e ingenieros con cargos de responsabilidad deberán apagar sus móviles y ordenadores 11 horas diarias
Las tecnologías han alargado sin límite el tiempo de trabajo
Ofertas de empleo en Francia
Juan Peces / Charo Nogueira 10 ABR 2014 - 21:55 CET
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Spaces connect with the office
In France, consultants, technicians and engineers responsible positions should turn off their phones and computers 11 hours a day
Technologies have elongated unlimited working time
Jobs in France
John Fish / Charo Nogueira 10 ABR 2014 - 21:55 CET
French engineers and consultants in positions of responsibility can breathe easier : they will be forced to shut down for 11 hours daily mobile computers and connect them to the office. And companies must monitor that the ban be fulfilled online . Some experts welcome this as a lesser evil that reveals another major : surges become more frequent work - availability and connectivity and encouraged by new technologies, unrestrained exceeding the limits of the working day .
Two major unions , the French Democratic Confederation of Labour ( CFDT ) and the French Confederation of Managerial Staff Executives (CFE -CGC ) signed an agreement with two sector employers technical consulting, engineering , computer services , human resources and consultancy to try end the endless journey of workers. This addresses two main issues : working time and rest of the employee and the workload .
The employer must be concerned with the burden of wage and salary
Specifically , section 4.8.1 of the document, which must be approved by the government before publication in the Official Gazette ( BOE French ) refers to " rest and time off duty ." The document begins by stating that employees subject to this agreement " have a time minimum of 11 consecutive hours daily rest, weekly rest and a minimum of 35 consecutive hours." But to prevent employers deduct everything that is not minimum rest can be occupied by the workday, " is recalled that these limits are not intended to define a standard workday of 13 hours a day , but the duration maximum you can have exceptional working hours . "
In this context, the agreement provides that " the effectiveness of the compliance by the worker, these idle periods imply its obligation to disconnect remote communication tools ." The employer shall , on the one hand , " the implementation of a monitoring tool to ensure time daily and weekly rest " of the worker; and secondly, to take the necessary measures to ensure that the employee " has the ability to disconnect from the remote communication tools at your disposal ." I mean, you can not spend on work-related tasks or leisure, at the end of the workday or the weekend .
Dwell times
The agreement between employers and unions provides:
Obligation to disconnect. "The effectiveness of respect these minimum wage dwell times mean by the latter an obligation to disconnect the remote communication devices ."
Employer responsibility . The company is obliged to " implement a monitoring system to ensure respect times weekly employee break " and " the necessary steps to ensure that the employee has the ability to disconnect the communication devices distance at its disposal . "
Normal working day . " Note that this does not mean that a normal working day of 13 consecutive hours is fixed ," warns the norm, but this will be his " maximum amplitude " .
Rest periods. " Salaried " says the regulation , " give a daily benefit of at least 11 consecutive hours rest," and other weekly " 35 hours " 11 hours a day , for example , the Saturday - and 24 next- day Sunday , to continue with this case.
Responsibility . The standard gives general rules, and states that " the arrangements set will be integrated in the internal regulations of the company." Still, this is clearly marked by the provisions .
The parties also agree that, to " monitor the health and safety of workers," the employer convene at least one annual meeting with the employee to discuss workload , the division of tasks in the business, " the articulation between professional activity and private life "and also the employee's compensation .
Persons concerned by this agreement are those who exercise management responsibilities, trade missions, consulting , or performing tasks of design, development and monitoring of projects , and that have " substantial autonomy and independence in the organization and management of their working time to accomplish assigned missions . "
Marie Buard , leader of the CFDT union , this agreement indicates that affects about 850,000 workers, in companies like Accenture and Atos . He explains that " each company must negotiate with its workers how to implement this agreement." " The employer is responsible for ensuring the health of workers . To prevent illegal extension of working hours, some companies may state that electronic working tools are not accessible from Friday to Monday , for example. "
The union representative agrees that such measures are related to the social concern about the increase of so-called psychosocial risks. "Last year we signed another agreement to protect workers regarding workload Seeks End to employees who are online 24 hours a day," says Buard . "We want more health workers and a better balance between private life and work life ."
That these psychosocial risks are real in France ( and other countries ) demonstrates the existence of a widespread concern about burn out or burn-out, as well as cases of suicide in large companies. According to the Observatory Stress and Forced Mobility , suicides for work are a significant problem in France and are related to working conditions . Only in the first quarter of 2014 there have been a dozen suicides at Orange (formerly France Telecom ) .
Pierre -Jean Benghozi , scientist and professor at the Ecole Polytechnique in Palaiseau specializing in workplace stress and relationship with technology , is considered " a good idea " force employer and employee to disconnect once the workday. "It's a protection for the weak, for those who have no ability to say no, to protect themselves from abuse by their superiors ," he says . " Although I'm not sure it's so easy to perform that agreement ," he qualifies .
According Benghozi , " all studies show that the development of management tools on the Internet pushes space confusion between private and professional life." And this situation is reinforced by the fact that "citizens are hyper ."
For this expert , also affects " the internal dynamics of the businesses, which is a long time to increase the pressure on productivity and results ." That leads many employees " to defer certain tasks that do not require physical presence at the end of the day, and even on arrival home." Although it depends not so much technology , " but the modes of management and organization of work " to take a firm.
The concern of the suicides that have occurred
The French settlement has sparked surprise in Spain . After reading the document, the CCOO union , only see " a small step " in the covenant. " It guarantees that you can not be on call 24 hours, and at least 11 hours, or 35 on a weekend , it should be disconnected , and thus sets a minimum off time," says María Jesús García Gasalla responsible sector new technologies of information and communication of the union. Those guards says , lack a sectoral provisions in Spain . " In some companies are regulated and in others, not."
" I do not think that Spanish companies oblige [ workers ] to be 24 hours connected with the office ," said a spokeswoman for the CEOE hard not to comment on the French pact.
"Limit to 11 hours at a time where you can not communicate with the office means that for 13 hours yes you can ," emphasizes Tobío Constance , Professor of Sociology at the Carlos III University and expert in conciliation. And the same applies to the time 35 hours without communication during the weekend also includes the French agreement. " And that had gotten the weekend were two half days and everyday days , eight hours , or 35 per week in France " jokes . " What for unions consider that this is a good deal ? " Asks and then answered : " No limits are put to work . There is only one working day, but it adds time available for work . This is a new phenomenon made possible by new technologies and the consequence is that you can overload the worker. " So, Tobío believes the French union agreement "rather than a breakthrough, illustrating a setback ."
In his view , the decline is reflected in the emergence of " uptime " , that period in which the boss can call the employee outside of working hours and make it to work despite having covered their hours, at least theoretical . "There is an intensification of that period of availability" , writes sociologist . "Ultimately, the deal illustrates a negative situation ," he concludes .
A similar starting point also notes the Gerardo Meil Professor of Sociology at the Autonomous University of Madrid : "11 hours of disconnection supposed connection 13 " sentence. Consider that the French agreement is " a form of mask a day too high ." But he sees a silver lining: " The settlement is a topic of discussion ." It is small consolation to the underlying problem : work overload , " a non- cyclical structural issue ."
"Once -off times are 13 connection," says sociologist
" Welcome is the agreement , but only manages one of the manifestations of the problem , not the problem itself. If companies want to solve the difficulties in reconciling work and family life , must also resolve overloading tasks , linked to reducing the size of the templates and the division of tasks among fewer people , "says the expert.
How to reconcile when there is an excess of tasks or goals often working with hard to reach ? The key piece for Meil , is the immediate supervisor and to what extent is flexible. A formula such as telecommuting , favored by new technologies , is not necessarily the panacea. " A few people can reconcile them better, but for others it is an overload that fall into self-exploitation or encounter that asks them responsible too ," said Meil . " It can also telecommute from vacation spot. Everything depends on what is given to new technologies "jokes .
"We have always maintained that the new tools of ben serve the citizen , the worker, and not serve to enslave " tertiary Ignacio Buqueras . He is chairman of the Commission for the Rationalization of Spanish Schedules , an organization promoting reconciliation between work and personal life with two basic tools : less time but more effectively in the workplace and more early bird hours .
"In the world of business and in politics there are those who believe that we must be at the service 24 hours a day , and that can not be ," laments Buqueras . "In addition , the prevailing culture of presenteeism , which can also be remote . Well if there is an emergency worldwide turnover, but can not do system "poses this expert , who claims reconciliation policies not only in Spain but also in the field of EU. "We all have 86,400 seconds a day. It is the only thing that makes us equal . It depends on how organized each, and how to let them organize, live more or less happy. "
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