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Viaje a la herida del tsunami
Pese al enorme esfuerzo en la reconstrucción las huellas del terremoto y el maremoto sobrecogen
Más de 343.000 personas siguen desplazadas de sus hogares
Jose Reinoso Rikuzentakata2 MAR 2012 - 15:59 CET
Journey to the wound of tsunami
Despite the massive reconstruction effort in the footsteps of the earthquake and tsunami awe
More than 343,000 people remain displaced from their homes
SPECIAL. Fukushima, a year later
PHOTO GALLERY. The scenes of the tragedy then and now
Jose Reinoso Rikuzentakata 2 MAR 2012 - 15:59 CET
Despite the massive reconstruction effort in the footsteps of the earthquake and tsunami awe
More than 343,000 people remain displaced from their homes
SPECIAL. Fukushima, a year later
PHOTO GALLERY. The scenes of the tragedy then and now
Jose Reinoso Rikuzentakata 2 MAR 2012 - 15:59 CET
On the coast of Rikuzentakata, a town 500 kilometers northeast of Tokyo a year ago was about 24,000 residents, rises a dying pine tree 30 meters high. The arched trunk, the cup dry, the roots buried in a salt land which is now talk of an early death. It was the only tree in a forest of 70,000 copies that survived the force of the tsunami generated by an earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale on 11 March last year devastated the northeastern coast of Japan. The catastrophe left behind 3,276 dead and 15,854 missing.
Lone Pine has become a symbol of hope for this town in Iwate Prefecture, which killed nearly 2,000 people, despite their 250 years of life seem to have come to an end due to soil salinization .
The lone pine Rikuzentakata. / J. R.
What a year ago was the land on which rose the forest that protected the city from the ocean winds for over 300 years and one of the most popular tourist attractions in northern Japan, is now a wasteland of sand flooded Sea and trunks broken and protruding remains of fishing gear. Next to the tree, a yellow building with the broken back is all that resisted, badly, to the pounding of the wall of water. More than 3,000 buildings were uprooted or destroyed completely.
In many places hundreds of miles off the coast of Japan destroyed by the tsunami, ocean mass exceeded 13 meters (the equivalent of four stories), and at some points reached 30 or 40 meters. 45 levees broke and 78 bridges were damaged and 3,918 roads. Still remain displaced from their homes 343,000 persons. The Government estimated at 16.9 billion yen (156,500 million) damage to buildings, infrastructure, vehicles, factories and farming and fishing, among others.
The disaster in figures
■ 15,854 dead and 3,276 missing.
■ 343,000 people remain displaced.
■ 3,918 roads and 78 bridge, damaged, and 45 dam broken.
■ The government estimates the damage at 16.9 billion yen (156,500 million euros
These figures whose real meaning is only seen when one stands before one of the few structures left standing and see the walls burst and window wells emptied of water, when you see the train viaducts and roads mowed folded like licorice or when he contemplates the esplanades bare housing in towns such as Rikuzentaka, Minamisanriku, Kesennuma, Onagawa and many others in which whole neighborhoods disappeared.
Are vast areas dotted only by a few skeletons of steel and concrete, punctuated by geometric foundation on which settled the wooden houses were washed away loaded with projectiles in the form of lumber, cars, boats, tanks fuel and everything in their path. The silence and the cold of the snow that has fallen over the region this week are only broken by the passage of some vehicles and bulldozers working everywhere in the reconstruction.
Heavy cleaning, debris removal and separation of the coast remains have turned into a giant recycling center, which will happen the mountains of waste over 10 meters high, some of rubble, other logs, other appliances , others of planks and plastic, or car crumpled like nuts.
more informationSPECIAL. Fukushima, a year laterThe nuclear industry begins to weather the accidentThe Japanese government was considering the evacuation of TokyoPHOTO GALLERY. The scenes of the tragedy then and now
On the roads, repeat the slogans: "Thank you, volunteers," "Courage Tohoku" in reference to the northeastern region of Japan that includes the major prefectures affected by the disaster.
When the earth shook at 14.46 that Friday under the sea and triggered a giant tsunami, landslides, fires in refineries and the largest nuclear disaster the world has suffered from Chernobyl (1986), Teiichi Sato, 57, was in a hardware store near the sea. On hearing the tsunami warning, quickly returned to his store-house in which he sold seeds, about 500 meters inland. "Of the four people left at the hardware store, only one survived, clinging to a pole. All those who took refuge in a planned evacuation centers in case of tsunami killed. I did not have enough height, "says the local has risen again with waste material in the same place where you were home, which was swept by the sea.
Sato is the only person that has been installed in the midst of the devastation at ground zero of Rikuzentakata. "The authorities have forbidden us to build and supply water, but I drilled my own hole [about 20 inches in diameter] with a can and the tube of bamboo," he says as he removes the cloudy liquid, which used to irrigate vegetables he has planted in a small greenhouse.
Sato managed to escape the tsunami in the car with his wife. Now, as tens of thousands of people across the region, living in a temporary manufactured home. "I need to fight the tsunami. I lost everything, but in my heart I have everything. The Japanese possess the spirit of the samurai, never give up. And that is also representing the Lonesome Pine, "says surrounded by shelves with thousands of packets of seeds. On the outer wall of the store, has painted a face with tears and a phrase: "sow the seeds of hope in my heart."
Teiichi Sato, who alone has been installed at ground zero of Rikuzentakata. / J. R.
The coast of this area of Japan is very beautiful. Hills, small fjords and lush forests accompany a series of fishing villages. But the levees burst, broken forests far up the water, the boats beached as turtles face up and vacant lots where homes and port facilities were torturing the memory of that fatal evening.
Further south, in Kesennuma (Miyagi prefecture)-an important center for tuna and shark, bulldozers working in the industrial port area, which was destroyed. In one of the ships, crumbling walls, a clock is stopped at 2.48. Land within the Kyotoku Maru number 18-a trawler of 330 tons, still crossed on a road near where he was the train station. It is one of the many boats that were tossed like toys by the waters. Most have been returned to the sea with the help of giant cranes and wheeled platforms.
The tsunami, which in some areas reached 10 kilometers penetrate, also punished with particular fury Minamisanriku (Miyagi), a population of 17,800 inhabitants of which killed nearly 800 neighbors. In the center of ground zero, the metal structure about 15 feet of what was the command center for disasters has become a pilgrimage site. Among the twisted beams, was erected a small altar with offerings, Buddhas and flowers. Someone has placed a sports shirt with a handwritten characters: "On behalf of the baseball team of the local school." A few hundred meters, a fishing boat is built on the second floor of what was the hospital.
Kenta Abe and his family as a manufactured home. / J. R.
When the earthquake occurred, Tomoko Sato, a neighbor of 40 years of Minamisanriku, took his mother, his brother and dog were driving to get his five year old daughter to school. Despite the extraordinary work of cleaning carried out by the authorities, complaining that "the recovery plan is very vague" and not yet decided where to re-build or whether to build a high wall of protection by the sea, which prevents neighbors rebuild their lives.
Many of the inhabitants of this population took refuge in the elementary school at the foot of a hill. Its director, Keichi Kato, 58, who took over after the disaster, says the 450 students who had school there are now 291, because many families are gone. 70% of homes were destroyed. The population has dropped to 15,500 people. "We want to return, but many people have lost their jobs. To return, it must be approved recovery plan, "he explains. Kato says that only one student, a boy of six, died in the tsunami. The car in which he fled with his family was engulfed by floodwaters.
"Minamisanriku must be redesigned. It will be difficult again as before. The tsunami has shown us that there is no absolute security, and the duty of the school is to teach children to protect themselves and how to survive, "he says.
The disaster is indeed bittersweet for Kenta Abe. The unemployed electrician, 36, was driving to the employment office in Kesennuma when the quake struck. After the warning, he turned to return to Minamisanriku. "But the black waters of the tsunami had cut the road and had to take a detour," said one of the small rooms of their temporary home within a manufactured home village of 44 to 15 miles of Minamisanriku. "The tsunami took my house, but now I have a lot of work as a carpenter, the same job you had before to be an electrician," he explains while sipping a delicious seaweed.
building houses is not recovery. Recovery is a mental process "
Kento Abe, survivor
Abe, who lives with his wife, three children and a grandmother, said that contracts to live in manufactured homes, have two-, why not pay rent, are of two years, but may be lengthened. In any case, he wants to build a new home in another lot that is. He says that if were not for him, would lift in the same place as the old one, near the sea, but he feels responsibility for their offspring and that although not happen again like a tsunami in a thousand years not to let that risk.
He claims that the disaster has taught him to relate to people. "I used to live only for my family. I never communicated with others. I have become more open and tolerant. " But he believes that the recovery process will take a long time. "Re-building the houses is not recovery. Recovery is a mental process, which is thought. "
The magnitude of the human tragedy caused by the worst earthquake that Japan suffered in its history was overshadowed by the crisis triggered by the Fukushima Nuclear Power Station 1, located about 240 kilometers northeast of Tokyo. The tsunami, about 14 meters high, severely damaged three of the six reactors at the plant, which was designed for a tsunami of up to 5.7 meters. The nuclear emergency caused no death directly, but forced the evacuation of 80,000 people as a result of mergers recorded in the reactors and radiation leaks, affecting food, water and agricultural and livestock production, and caused thousands to flee people in Japan.
Last December, Tepco, the company that owns the plant, said it had placed the reactor in cold shutdown, an essential step before continuing the long process to close the facility and lift the evacuation order in effect. The cold shutdown means that the cooling system of the reactors is at atmospheric pressure and the core is at a temperature below 100 degrees Celsius, which precludes the occurrence of overheating and a chain reaction. The mandatory exclusion zone is 20 km radius around the plant.
I am skeptical about what the government says, but if you want you can request a check of radiation "
Lina Ohara, neighboring Fukushima
Residents of Fukushima prefecture living with the fear of radiation. "My parents want me to leave Tokyo, but my husband works here and although I am concerned, we have decided to stay," says Lina Ohara, 33, who lives in the city of Fukushima, about 60 kilometers northwest of the central . "I follow the news on television every day and check the values of radioactivity. I am skeptical about what the government says, but if you want you can request a check of radiation, "says this woman who has a five year old boy and a girl of three. Ohara, who are shopping at the supermarket Ito Yokado, says Fukushima crisis has changed its way of life. "I try to keep children from playing outside and I have always baggage, food, water and money ready in case".
Fear has reduced the population of Fukushima. If in February 2011 lived in the city 292,251 people, last January the figure was 286,976, according to city hall. "The decline is due to the problem at the plant. Many other people have left and not been killed in the record, "says Sakae Kono, 50, municipal official, who says that they will extend the use of devices to monitor radioactivity in food potential of children. "Moreover, buses traveling to make measurements in schools."
In other towns like Minamisoma, located just 25 kilometers from the plant, the percentage of the population has moved even more. Of the 72,000 inhabitants who had before the crisis, there are now 43,000. "The radioactivity is still in the air. The situation is not completely standardized, "says Saito, a 35 year old woman, and one of the few people who are on the street. Five kilometers further south on the highway number 6 which leads to the plant, prevents access to police vehicles are not allowed to enter the exclusion zone.
No country in the world is as prepared as Japan to cope with earthquakes. Its buildings withstood the endless minutes that lasted the earthquake and aftershocks of magnitude six or above 7 on the Richter scale of magnitude 594 or greater than 5 that have occurred since then. But the size of the tsunami exceeded expectations.
It's hard to know what impact the long term what happened in Japan last year, but the disaster has forced a complete revision of its energy and environmental policies and has made many Japanese ask about your lifestyle.
Lone Pine has become a symbol of hope for this town in Iwate Prefecture, which killed nearly 2,000 people, despite their 250 years of life seem to have come to an end due to soil salinization .
The lone pine Rikuzentakata. / J. R.
What a year ago was the land on which rose the forest that protected the city from the ocean winds for over 300 years and one of the most popular tourist attractions in northern Japan, is now a wasteland of sand flooded Sea and trunks broken and protruding remains of fishing gear. Next to the tree, a yellow building with the broken back is all that resisted, badly, to the pounding of the wall of water. More than 3,000 buildings were uprooted or destroyed completely.
In many places hundreds of miles off the coast of Japan destroyed by the tsunami, ocean mass exceeded 13 meters (the equivalent of four stories), and at some points reached 30 or 40 meters. 45 levees broke and 78 bridges were damaged and 3,918 roads. Still remain displaced from their homes 343,000 persons. The Government estimated at 16.9 billion yen (156,500 million) damage to buildings, infrastructure, vehicles, factories and farming and fishing, among others.
The disaster in figures
■ 15,854 dead and 3,276 missing.
■ 343,000 people remain displaced.
■ 3,918 roads and 78 bridge, damaged, and 45 dam broken.
■ The government estimates the damage at 16.9 billion yen (156,500 million euros
These figures whose real meaning is only seen when one stands before one of the few structures left standing and see the walls burst and window wells emptied of water, when you see the train viaducts and roads mowed folded like licorice or when he contemplates the esplanades bare housing in towns such as Rikuzentaka, Minamisanriku, Kesennuma, Onagawa and many others in which whole neighborhoods disappeared.
Are vast areas dotted only by a few skeletons of steel and concrete, punctuated by geometric foundation on which settled the wooden houses were washed away loaded with projectiles in the form of lumber, cars, boats, tanks fuel and everything in their path. The silence and the cold of the snow that has fallen over the region this week are only broken by the passage of some vehicles and bulldozers working everywhere in the reconstruction.
Heavy cleaning, debris removal and separation of the coast remains have turned into a giant recycling center, which will happen the mountains of waste over 10 meters high, some of rubble, other logs, other appliances , others of planks and plastic, or car crumpled like nuts.
more informationSPECIAL. Fukushima, a year laterThe nuclear industry begins to weather the accidentThe Japanese government was considering the evacuation of TokyoPHOTO GALLERY. The scenes of the tragedy then and now
On the roads, repeat the slogans: "Thank you, volunteers," "Courage Tohoku" in reference to the northeastern region of Japan that includes the major prefectures affected by the disaster.
When the earth shook at 14.46 that Friday under the sea and triggered a giant tsunami, landslides, fires in refineries and the largest nuclear disaster the world has suffered from Chernobyl (1986), Teiichi Sato, 57, was in a hardware store near the sea. On hearing the tsunami warning, quickly returned to his store-house in which he sold seeds, about 500 meters inland. "Of the four people left at the hardware store, only one survived, clinging to a pole. All those who took refuge in a planned evacuation centers in case of tsunami killed. I did not have enough height, "says the local has risen again with waste material in the same place where you were home, which was swept by the sea.
Sato is the only person that has been installed in the midst of the devastation at ground zero of Rikuzentakata. "The authorities have forbidden us to build and supply water, but I drilled my own hole [about 20 inches in diameter] with a can and the tube of bamboo," he says as he removes the cloudy liquid, which used to irrigate vegetables he has planted in a small greenhouse.
Sato managed to escape the tsunami in the car with his wife. Now, as tens of thousands of people across the region, living in a temporary manufactured home. "I need to fight the tsunami. I lost everything, but in my heart I have everything. The Japanese possess the spirit of the samurai, never give up. And that is also representing the Lonesome Pine, "says surrounded by shelves with thousands of packets of seeds. On the outer wall of the store, has painted a face with tears and a phrase: "sow the seeds of hope in my heart."
Teiichi Sato, who alone has been installed at ground zero of Rikuzentakata. / J. R.
The coast of this area of Japan is very beautiful. Hills, small fjords and lush forests accompany a series of fishing villages. But the levees burst, broken forests far up the water, the boats beached as turtles face up and vacant lots where homes and port facilities were torturing the memory of that fatal evening.
Further south, in Kesennuma (Miyagi prefecture)-an important center for tuna and shark, bulldozers working in the industrial port area, which was destroyed. In one of the ships, crumbling walls, a clock is stopped at 2.48. Land within the Kyotoku Maru number 18-a trawler of 330 tons, still crossed on a road near where he was the train station. It is one of the many boats that were tossed like toys by the waters. Most have been returned to the sea with the help of giant cranes and wheeled platforms.
The tsunami, which in some areas reached 10 kilometers penetrate, also punished with particular fury Minamisanriku (Miyagi), a population of 17,800 inhabitants of which killed nearly 800 neighbors. In the center of ground zero, the metal structure about 15 feet of what was the command center for disasters has become a pilgrimage site. Among the twisted beams, was erected a small altar with offerings, Buddhas and flowers. Someone has placed a sports shirt with a handwritten characters: "On behalf of the baseball team of the local school." A few hundred meters, a fishing boat is built on the second floor of what was the hospital.
Kenta Abe and his family as a manufactured home. / J. R.
When the earthquake occurred, Tomoko Sato, a neighbor of 40 years of Minamisanriku, took his mother, his brother and dog were driving to get his five year old daughter to school. Despite the extraordinary work of cleaning carried out by the authorities, complaining that "the recovery plan is very vague" and not yet decided where to re-build or whether to build a high wall of protection by the sea, which prevents neighbors rebuild their lives.
Many of the inhabitants of this population took refuge in the elementary school at the foot of a hill. Its director, Keichi Kato, 58, who took over after the disaster, says the 450 students who had school there are now 291, because many families are gone. 70% of homes were destroyed. The population has dropped to 15,500 people. "We want to return, but many people have lost their jobs. To return, it must be approved recovery plan, "he explains. Kato says that only one student, a boy of six, died in the tsunami. The car in which he fled with his family was engulfed by floodwaters.
"Minamisanriku must be redesigned. It will be difficult again as before. The tsunami has shown us that there is no absolute security, and the duty of the school is to teach children to protect themselves and how to survive, "he says.
The disaster is indeed bittersweet for Kenta Abe. The unemployed electrician, 36, was driving to the employment office in Kesennuma when the quake struck. After the warning, he turned to return to Minamisanriku. "But the black waters of the tsunami had cut the road and had to take a detour," said one of the small rooms of their temporary home within a manufactured home village of 44 to 15 miles of Minamisanriku. "The tsunami took my house, but now I have a lot of work as a carpenter, the same job you had before to be an electrician," he explains while sipping a delicious seaweed.
building houses is not recovery. Recovery is a mental process "
Kento Abe, survivor
Abe, who lives with his wife, three children and a grandmother, said that contracts to live in manufactured homes, have two-, why not pay rent, are of two years, but may be lengthened. In any case, he wants to build a new home in another lot that is. He says that if were not for him, would lift in the same place as the old one, near the sea, but he feels responsibility for their offspring and that although not happen again like a tsunami in a thousand years not to let that risk.
He claims that the disaster has taught him to relate to people. "I used to live only for my family. I never communicated with others. I have become more open and tolerant. " But he believes that the recovery process will take a long time. "Re-building the houses is not recovery. Recovery is a mental process, which is thought. "
The magnitude of the human tragedy caused by the worst earthquake that Japan suffered in its history was overshadowed by the crisis triggered by the Fukushima Nuclear Power Station 1, located about 240 kilometers northeast of Tokyo. The tsunami, about 14 meters high, severely damaged three of the six reactors at the plant, which was designed for a tsunami of up to 5.7 meters. The nuclear emergency caused no death directly, but forced the evacuation of 80,000 people as a result of mergers recorded in the reactors and radiation leaks, affecting food, water and agricultural and livestock production, and caused thousands to flee people in Japan.
Last December, Tepco, the company that owns the plant, said it had placed the reactor in cold shutdown, an essential step before continuing the long process to close the facility and lift the evacuation order in effect. The cold shutdown means that the cooling system of the reactors is at atmospheric pressure and the core is at a temperature below 100 degrees Celsius, which precludes the occurrence of overheating and a chain reaction. The mandatory exclusion zone is 20 km radius around the plant.
I am skeptical about what the government says, but if you want you can request a check of radiation "
Lina Ohara, neighboring Fukushima
Residents of Fukushima prefecture living with the fear of radiation. "My parents want me to leave Tokyo, but my husband works here and although I am concerned, we have decided to stay," says Lina Ohara, 33, who lives in the city of Fukushima, about 60 kilometers northwest of the central . "I follow the news on television every day and check the values of radioactivity. I am skeptical about what the government says, but if you want you can request a check of radiation, "says this woman who has a five year old boy and a girl of three. Ohara, who are shopping at the supermarket Ito Yokado, says Fukushima crisis has changed its way of life. "I try to keep children from playing outside and I have always baggage, food, water and money ready in case".
Fear has reduced the population of Fukushima. If in February 2011 lived in the city 292,251 people, last January the figure was 286,976, according to city hall. "The decline is due to the problem at the plant. Many other people have left and not been killed in the record, "says Sakae Kono, 50, municipal official, who says that they will extend the use of devices to monitor radioactivity in food potential of children. "Moreover, buses traveling to make measurements in schools."
In other towns like Minamisoma, located just 25 kilometers from the plant, the percentage of the population has moved even more. Of the 72,000 inhabitants who had before the crisis, there are now 43,000. "The radioactivity is still in the air. The situation is not completely standardized, "says Saito, a 35 year old woman, and one of the few people who are on the street. Five kilometers further south on the highway number 6 which leads to the plant, prevents access to police vehicles are not allowed to enter the exclusion zone.
No country in the world is as prepared as Japan to cope with earthquakes. Its buildings withstood the endless minutes that lasted the earthquake and aftershocks of magnitude six or above 7 on the Richter scale of magnitude 594 or greater than 5 that have occurred since then. But the size of the tsunami exceeded expectations.
It's hard to know what impact the long term what happened in Japan last year, but the disaster has forced a complete revision of its energy and environmental policies and has made many Japanese ask about your lifestyle.
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