Amnistía alerta del aumento de las ejecuciones en Oriente Próximo
Irán encabeza la lista de cuatro países responsables de la mayoría de los ajusticiamientos
El informe no incluye las miles de penas de muerte que cree que se aplicaron en China
Amnesty alert the rise in executions in the Middle East
Iran tops the list of four countries responsible for most executions
The report does not include the thousands of death sentences he thinks applied in China
Amnesty International's report 'Death sentences and executions 2011'
Angeles Espinosa Dubai 27 MAR 2012 - 08:17 CET
Iran tops the list of four countries responsible for most executions
The report does not include the thousands of death sentences he thinks applied in China
Amnesty International's report 'Death sentences and executions 2011'
Angeles Espinosa Dubai 27 MAR 2012 - 08:17 CET
Despite the worldwide trend towards abolition of the death penalty, the number of executions increased dramatically last year in countries that still practice it. They denounced the latest Amnesty International (AI) that is made public Tuesday. The organization has documented 676 judicial killing (compared to 527 in 2010), although the report Death Sentences and Executions 2011 does not include the thousands who believes that took place in China and this country kept secret. Nor do many of the suspected place in Iran, the country accounts for more than half of the executions recorded and along with Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Yemen account for the bulk of the total. United States became the only member of the G-8 that prisoners executed in 2011 (a total of 43), because for the first time in 19 years Japan did not lead to any penalty term.
"The vast majority of countries have distanced themselves from the application of the death penalty," said Salil Shetty, Secretary General of AI. This organization opposes the death penalty in all cases without exception, arguing that "violates the right to life and is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading". According to its latest report only 20 of the 198 world countries carried out executions last year. The figure represents the number of those who impose the death penalty has been reduced by more than a third over a decade ago. This progress is overshadowed in the Middle East and China.
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AI does not give specific figures of what estimates were "thousands of people executed in China in 2011, well over the entire rest of the world." He stopped in 2009 because it concluded that the data compiled in Chinese officials were well below the actual number. In that country the figures on the number of executed are considered a state secret.
"Amnesty International summons the Chinese authorities to publish information on persons sentenced to death and executed, and thus confirm his claim that various changes in law and in practice have resulted in a significant decrease in the penalty of death country during the last four years, "says the report. The text welcomes the Chinese government has removed the death penalty for 13 offenses, mostly economic-that have been submitted to the National People's Congress proposed to reduce the number of cases of torture in detention, strengthening the role of defense lawyers, and ensure that persons suspected of crimes punishable by death have legal assistance.
In the region of the Middle East and North Africa, AI 558 confirmed executions in eight countries, although the riots that occurred in Libya, Syria and Yemen hampered data collection. The organization suspects in those countries "is often resorted to extrajudicial killings, torture and arbitrary detention." The executions confirmed increased almost 50% over 2010, but four countries accounted for 99% of cases. Iran judicial killing at least 360, Iraq 82, Saudi Arabia and Yemen with 68 to 41, lead the ranking macabre. The increase in Saudi Arabia and Iran is equivalent to the net increase of 149 cases reported worldwide in the last year.
In this Arab kingdom, the only country that uses the beheading by sword, tripled the executions ending the downward trend that AI had been found since 2007. The organization also shows its concern that the wealthy oil state there are "hundreds of people sentenced to death." It also highlights the disproportionate number of foreigners among them, and most do not receive a fair trial according to international standards.
"They often lack of counsel, and in many cases are not informed of the progress of legal proceedings that are being submitted. They may be convicted solely on the basis of confessions obtained by coercion or deception, "the report said.
AI claims that Iran is the only country that applies the death penalty to people who committed crimes as minors of 18 years
This lack of due process and the extraction of confessions by torture or coercion is a common feature among the countries using the death penalty. According to AI, as well as in Saudi Arabia, was in "Belarus, China, North Korea, Iran and Iraq." In the latter two countries, with the aggravating circumstance that some of these autoinculpaciones are issued on television before the trial "once again trampling on the rights of the accused to the presumption of innocence."
Regarding Iran, the concerns of AI are multiple. First, he claims to have received "credible reports of a large number of executions confirmed, and even secret, almost doubling the figure officially recognized." Furthermore, the Islamic Republic has expanded the scope of the death penalty for 17 crimes, from the entry into force in January last year of the new law against narcotics. Murder, rape, sodomy, apostasy from Islam or "spreading corruption on earth", add traffic now or possession over 30 grams of synthetic psychotropic substance or abetting the commission of any crime whose punishment original is life imprisonment.
"By combining data from official and unofficial sources, we find that at least 488 people were executed for alleged drug offenses in 2011, this is more than three quarters of the total of 634 executions recognized and unrecognized, and almost three times AI the 166 recorded in 2009, "said the report. The text states that marginalized groups, such as impoverished communities, ethnic minorities and foreigners (especially Afghans) are more at risk of execution for drug offenses.
The organization also echoes the fears of Iranian activists that the government is using "the guise of war on drugs to execute political opponents." Remember that after the disputed 2009 presidential elections has been several executions related to the protests that arose. "Several of these executions have taken place every January specifically, what looks like a warning to potential opposition protesters on the eve of the annual celebrations for the anniversary of the Iranian revolution on 11 February," the statement said. Special mention deserves the penalty of death to restrict freedom of expression under a 2008 law.
AI report with special emphasis that Iran is the only country that still uses the death penalty to people who committed crimes as minors of 18 years, in clear violation of international law. Cites three cases confirmed and four unconfirmed (also suspects in a case in Saudi Arabia). It also condemns public executions in the Islamic Republic are held prisoners hanging of large construction cranes installed in the middle of a place in the respective city. The Japanese company announced last July Tadano its decision to stop selling cranes to Tehran for that reason.
In other cases, Iranian authorities choose to secret executions which do not report properly or families or to lawyers for the condemned. Hence the difficulty of establishing accurate figures. AI includes the denial which did about the head of the judiciary, Ayatollah Sadegh Larijani, last December. However, it also has testimonies about mass executions in prisons. For the ominous Vakilabad, outside of Mashad, where "hanging the condemned long beams in the hallways."
Similar secrecy prevails in Iraq, where the government "rarely reveals information about the executions," the report said. Still, AI know that 2011 has at least 68 people were executed, including two foreign and two women. "Most death sentences [are held] for belonging to armed groups or participate in attacks by them, including murder, kidnapping, rape and other violent crimes," notes the organization. However, claims that "the proceedings before the Central Criminal Court of Iraq are very brief: often last only a few minutes prior to sentencing."
On the positive side, AI reported a decrease in the penalty of death by the Palestinian Authority and Lebanon and Tunisia. Furthermore, "the authorities in Algeria, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco and Western Sahara and Tasting Death sentences continued but refraining from executing." UAE broke the informal moratorium on carrying out its first execution since 2008.
United States was again the only country in Latin and only member of the G-8-the group consisting of the major world economies, which executed prisoners, a total of 43 in 2011. However, the Amnesty report notes that both executions and new death sentences have declined over a decade ago and held that Illinois has become the 16th state to abolish capital punishment. In Europe and countries of the former Soviet Union and that punishment does not apply, except Belarus, who executed two people. Oceania remained a death penalty free zone, but five death sentences in Papua New Guinea.
"The vast majority of countries have distanced themselves from the application of the death penalty," said Salil Shetty, Secretary General of AI. This organization opposes the death penalty in all cases without exception, arguing that "violates the right to life and is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading". According to its latest report only 20 of the 198 world countries carried out executions last year. The figure represents the number of those who impose the death penalty has been reduced by more than a third over a decade ago. This progress is overshadowed in the Middle East and China.
more informationThe torture of El Asad: the "German chair 'to' flying carpet 'Made in Europe
AI does not give specific figures of what estimates were "thousands of people executed in China in 2011, well over the entire rest of the world." He stopped in 2009 because it concluded that the data compiled in Chinese officials were well below the actual number. In that country the figures on the number of executed are considered a state secret.
"Amnesty International summons the Chinese authorities to publish information on persons sentenced to death and executed, and thus confirm his claim that various changes in law and in practice have resulted in a significant decrease in the penalty of death country during the last four years, "says the report. The text welcomes the Chinese government has removed the death penalty for 13 offenses, mostly economic-that have been submitted to the National People's Congress proposed to reduce the number of cases of torture in detention, strengthening the role of defense lawyers, and ensure that persons suspected of crimes punishable by death have legal assistance.
In the region of the Middle East and North Africa, AI 558 confirmed executions in eight countries, although the riots that occurred in Libya, Syria and Yemen hampered data collection. The organization suspects in those countries "is often resorted to extrajudicial killings, torture and arbitrary detention." The executions confirmed increased almost 50% over 2010, but four countries accounted for 99% of cases. Iran judicial killing at least 360, Iraq 82, Saudi Arabia and Yemen with 68 to 41, lead the ranking macabre. The increase in Saudi Arabia and Iran is equivalent to the net increase of 149 cases reported worldwide in the last year.
In this Arab kingdom, the only country that uses the beheading by sword, tripled the executions ending the downward trend that AI had been found since 2007. The organization also shows its concern that the wealthy oil state there are "hundreds of people sentenced to death." It also highlights the disproportionate number of foreigners among them, and most do not receive a fair trial according to international standards.
"They often lack of counsel, and in many cases are not informed of the progress of legal proceedings that are being submitted. They may be convicted solely on the basis of confessions obtained by coercion or deception, "the report said.
AI claims that Iran is the only country that applies the death penalty to people who committed crimes as minors of 18 years
This lack of due process and the extraction of confessions by torture or coercion is a common feature among the countries using the death penalty. According to AI, as well as in Saudi Arabia, was in "Belarus, China, North Korea, Iran and Iraq." In the latter two countries, with the aggravating circumstance that some of these autoinculpaciones are issued on television before the trial "once again trampling on the rights of the accused to the presumption of innocence."
Regarding Iran, the concerns of AI are multiple. First, he claims to have received "credible reports of a large number of executions confirmed, and even secret, almost doubling the figure officially recognized." Furthermore, the Islamic Republic has expanded the scope of the death penalty for 17 crimes, from the entry into force in January last year of the new law against narcotics. Murder, rape, sodomy, apostasy from Islam or "spreading corruption on earth", add traffic now or possession over 30 grams of synthetic psychotropic substance or abetting the commission of any crime whose punishment original is life imprisonment.
"By combining data from official and unofficial sources, we find that at least 488 people were executed for alleged drug offenses in 2011, this is more than three quarters of the total of 634 executions recognized and unrecognized, and almost three times AI the 166 recorded in 2009, "said the report. The text states that marginalized groups, such as impoverished communities, ethnic minorities and foreigners (especially Afghans) are more at risk of execution for drug offenses.
The organization also echoes the fears of Iranian activists that the government is using "the guise of war on drugs to execute political opponents." Remember that after the disputed 2009 presidential elections has been several executions related to the protests that arose. "Several of these executions have taken place every January specifically, what looks like a warning to potential opposition protesters on the eve of the annual celebrations for the anniversary of the Iranian revolution on 11 February," the statement said. Special mention deserves the penalty of death to restrict freedom of expression under a 2008 law.
AI report with special emphasis that Iran is the only country that still uses the death penalty to people who committed crimes as minors of 18 years, in clear violation of international law. Cites three cases confirmed and four unconfirmed (also suspects in a case in Saudi Arabia). It also condemns public executions in the Islamic Republic are held prisoners hanging of large construction cranes installed in the middle of a place in the respective city. The Japanese company announced last July Tadano its decision to stop selling cranes to Tehran for that reason.
In other cases, Iranian authorities choose to secret executions which do not report properly or families or to lawyers for the condemned. Hence the difficulty of establishing accurate figures. AI includes the denial which did about the head of the judiciary, Ayatollah Sadegh Larijani, last December. However, it also has testimonies about mass executions in prisons. For the ominous Vakilabad, outside of Mashad, where "hanging the condemned long beams in the hallways."
Similar secrecy prevails in Iraq, where the government "rarely reveals information about the executions," the report said. Still, AI know that 2011 has at least 68 people were executed, including two foreign and two women. "Most death sentences [are held] for belonging to armed groups or participate in attacks by them, including murder, kidnapping, rape and other violent crimes," notes the organization. However, claims that "the proceedings before the Central Criminal Court of Iraq are very brief: often last only a few minutes prior to sentencing."
On the positive side, AI reported a decrease in the penalty of death by the Palestinian Authority and Lebanon and Tunisia. Furthermore, "the authorities in Algeria, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco and Western Sahara and Tasting Death sentences continued but refraining from executing." UAE broke the informal moratorium on carrying out its first execution since 2008.
United States was again the only country in Latin and only member of the G-8-the group consisting of the major world economies, which executed prisoners, a total of 43 in 2011. However, the Amnesty report notes that both executions and new death sentences have declined over a decade ago and held that Illinois has become the 16th state to abolish capital punishment. In Europe and countries of the former Soviet Union and that punishment does not apply, except Belarus, who executed two people. Oceania remained a death penalty free zone, but five death sentences in Papua New Guinea.
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