スペインの75'3%の住民は、自分の健康は、これまでよりも良好であることを認識
Los residentes en España perciben que su salud está mejor que nunca
La Encuesta Nacional de Salud registra un mínimo de fumadores y un máximo de obesidad
Las mujeres y las clases bajas tienen, en general, peores indicadores
DESCARGABLE Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2011-2012
Emilio de Benito Madrid 14 MAR 2013 - 14:20 CET
Residents in Spain perceive that their health is better than ever
The National Health Survey recorded at least up smoking and obesity
Women and lower classes are generally worst indicators
DOWNLOADABLE National Health Survey 2011-2012
Emilio de Benito Madrid 14 MAR 2013 - 14:20 CET
75.3% of residents in Spain received between July 2011 and June 2012 that his health was good or very good, according to data from the National Health Survey compiled by the National Statistical Institute (INE) for the Ministry of Health that this morning the secretary general of Health, Pilar Farjas. The data is the best of the series of works that began in 1987, and represents an increase of 5.3 points over the previous survey in 2006. In 2009, the European Health Survey already pointed this recovery, and the percentage of people who answered the same in Spain was 73.98%.
This indicator, however, is of dubious interpretation, since it is perceived by the public. In historic is that it has always been high (started in over 73% satisfaction in 1987) and has been checkered in the following surveys, but in 2006 came to a minimum, as noted Farjas. However, the general secretary did not give an explanation for this large increase. One said, after defending, with director of INE, Gregorio Izquierdo, the statistical validity of the figure, which was "consistent" with the data of life expectancy, reduced consumption of snuff, alcohol, cancer control breast and cervical and reduction in myocardial infarction in young men of Spain.
In line with this is asked about the quality of life, and their average score was 77.9 out of 100.
Entering data, the study was conducted with more than 21,000 household interviews, reflecting a decline in smoking: only 24% of those over age 15 who smoke usually says, while in the previous study, in 2006, with the laws of limitation of smoke still fresh, the proportion was 26.4%.
53% of the population over 65 years is not a problem of functional dependency
Other positive aspect is that 53% of the population over 65 has no functional dependency problems (can wash, do housework and move seamlessly), which in a country aged is good news.
The bad news, probably associated with aging along with the departure of immigrants, who had better overall health-come of chronic diseases. For example, since 1993 the percentage of diabetics has increased from 4.1% to 7%, that of hypertension of 11.2% to 18.5% and that of people with high cholesterol has risen from 8.2% to 16, 4%.
Contrary to what has been said, the survey points to an increasingly better use of health services. As noted Farjas, the proportion of people who come to see the primary, which is to be hospitalized or emergency low (0.5, 1 and 2.5 points respectively). This may seem small, but it is not. For emergencies represents 8% less, for example, indicating that the message is getting through that should not abuse. In the same vein, Farjas noted that for most ailments, 95% of drugs were prescribed. Or, what is the same, that there was no abuse of self-medication. This only goes up to 20% in cases of flu, colds, aches, fever, or restorative, but this is not necessarily bad. In fact, measures like taking medications for these conditions of public funding so that the patient is pursuing the purchase on your own.
Only 2% of the population stated that he had problems accessing health care. The percentage is the lowest since 2001, but keep in mind that the survey ended just before the entry into force for limiting access to services for immigrants without legal residence.
The percentage of people with high cholesterol has risen from 8.2% to 16.4% since 1993
Regarding the type of assistance, there is a 1% of respondents that do not have public coverage. In 1993 was 7.2%, but in 2003 it was 0.5%. 12.5% have double coverage, public and private, and 0.9% private only, leaving a 0.1% without any assurance.
The data are also pretty good in women who have had a mammogram or a pap when they should. Instead, stool blood test used to diagnose colon cancer early has been realized only just over 10% of the population between 50 and 69 years, which is theoretically target group. This test, which is not yet general implementation, is now being revised, said Farjas overlooking see if included in the portfolio of services and under what conditions.
Where data are undeniably good at is the number of smokers showing a steady decline from 32% in 1993 to 23.95% today. Farjas noted that although overall men smoke more than women (and the proportion of smokers has also declined this survey), is between 15 and 24 years, with 22% of smokers on average, where the differences are minor ( in fact, just 1.5 points). This does not happen in the alcohol, which at this age the proportion of heavy drinkers (every month) is 11%, double that of girls.
In contrast, adult obesity data are bad. Continues to grow, and it affects 17% of those over 18 years, when in 1987 it was 7.4%. Sumándoles overweight people, the proportion of affected reaches 53%. But in children, the proportion is relatively stable throughout the series statistic: 9.6% of obese and 18% overweight more. In 1987 was at 9.1% of obese plus 12% overweight.
The cause for Farjas, is clear: rather than diet, sedentary lifestyle is due to: a 41.33% of the population does no exercise or only very slight, 40.7% of men and 67 , 6% of women.
The survey also relates many of these variables to social class, as measured by the occupation of the respondents. And there is no doubt: the indicators are best for "directors and managers of establishments with 10 or more employees traditionally associated degrees", and the worst for "unskilled".
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