2013年のスペインの経済成長率予想は、ー1'5%
ANÁLISIS
Sin cambios significativos en las previsiones
El consenso contempla una caída del PIB para este año del 1,5%
Ángel Laborda 24 MAR 2013 - 00:00 CET
de los emergentes.
ANALYSIS
No significant changes in estimates
The agreement envisages a decline in GDP this year from 1.5%
Angel Laborda 24 MAR 2013 - 00:00 CET
As usual after the publication of the quarterly national accounts, most forecasters have revised their forecasts, once the final figures for the fourth quarter of 2012. This week we have published bimonthly survey results provided by the Foundation of Savings Banks (Func) to 19 private Spanish institutions, from which we calculate the consensus figure (arithmetic mean of the estimates of the institutions) .
Broadly speaking, the behavior of the Spanish economy in the fourth quarter was not much different than expected. On the plus side, the largest differences occurred in the field of imbalances, in which corrections are more advanced than expected, which applies to both the external current account deficit to the deficit. However, on the negative side, private consumption and business investment rate of decline deepened more than expected. Exports also underperformed, but was more than offset by a fall in imports also increased, so the contribution of the balance of trade in goods and services abroad was one of the largest so far of crisis. Together, these differences in the composition of demand offset each other and the fall in GDP was eight-tenths of a percentage equal to that provided virtually. Thus, by incorporating these differences (forecast errors) to the new forecast, the result is that change slightly different figures added, but does not significantly change the sum of all of them, which is GDP.
Only from the second half of 2014 is likely to increase the occupation
Of course, along with those trends in the Spanish economy, there are other variables that are taken into account when reviewing the forecasts, as monetary and financial conditions, fiscal policy and the external environment. Regarding the first, the forecasts are now very different from three months ago. They have overcome the most critical moments of the European financial crisis, hopefully the absurdity of Cyprus is resolved without further delay, and much has been achieved in the consolidation, recapitalization and restructuring of the Spanish banking sector. This lays the foundation to restore market confidence and gradually start to overcome the credit crunch affecting businesses and families, but the process will inevitably be slow. Fiscal policy will continue to be contractionary, although less so than it was in 2012. As for the external environment have worsened the outlook for our major markets, the Europeans, but have improved from emerging.
Sources: European Commission, Government of Spain and Funcas. Graphics produced by A. Laborda. / C. AYUSO / COUNTRY
Considering the above, the new forecasts just change in the most important parameters. The agreement provides for reductions in GDP of 0.5 percentage points (pp) in the first quarter of this year, 0.3 percentage points in the second and 0.1 in the third, and a stabilization in the fourth. Thus, the GDP generated in the full year would be lower by 1.5% to 2012, the same forecast in the previous survey. This drop in GDP would be almost the same as the one that occurred in 2012, despite which can not be valued in the same way two years: in 2012 the economy was more or less and in 2013 will go from less to more, which opens the door to occur in 2014 and a modest recovery. For that year, the consensus forecast GDP growth of 0.7%.
Unfortunately, with this evolution of GDP is not expected to create jobs. In 2013, this would be reduced by 3.2% (about 530,000 jobs) and in 2014 by 0.2%, which implies that, at least in the second half of the year, and begin to increase occupancy. The annual average unemployment rate increased to 26.8% in 2013 and fall to 26.5% in 2014 due to the reduction of the workforce. The basis of these predictions is that the fundamentals of the Spanish economy, especially its imbalances and competitiveness (in the jargon, supply conditions), have improved and will continue to improve substantially, in that financial conditions will go gradually normalized, and the euro area (the boat in which we the Spanish) out of its current lethargy.
Angel Laborda situation is director of the Foundation of Savings Banks (Func).
January foreign trade
The Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness published this week the foreign trade data for January. Both exports and imports recorded significant growth over the previous month or the average of the fourth quarter of last year. Exports at constant prices and seasonally corrected, increased by 6% and 2.8%, respectively, and imports by 19.5% and 13%. But it must be considered within the high volatility that characterizes these monthly data. Indeed, in December both flows recorded sharp falls in the same terms, which now are compensated. If we average the two months, exports remain at the same level as in the previous three months and imports increase slightly, which would indicate that the pace of decline is moderating domestic demand. Because this same volatility, the trade deficit is much higher than the previous months, though still 4.3% lower than the same month last year.
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