国連は、武器貿易条約を達成するために失敗する
La ONU fracasa en su intento de lograr un tratado sobre el comercio de armas
Irán, Corea del Norte y Siria bloquean la adopción del acuerdo que hubiera regulado por primera vez un mercado que mueve más de 70.000 millones de dólares
Yolanda Monge Washington 29 MAR 2013 - 18:22 CET
UN fails to achieve a treaty on arms trade
Iran, North Korea and Syria blocked the adoption of the agreement that had governed for the first time a market worth more than 70,000 million
Monge Yolanda Washington 29 MAR 2013 - 18:22 CET
Iran, North Korea and Syria yesterday blocked the adoption of the Treaty on Arms Trade UN that would have regulated for the first time in history an international market that moves each year more than 70,000 million. After seven years of arduous negotiations and two weeks of marathon sessions at the UN headquarters in New York, three countries-all isolated by its poor record of respect for human rights in North Korea and Iran with arms embargoes UN , and Syria in its third year of a conflict that is already a civil war-abducted at the last moment the long process of trying to regulate the international trade in conventional weapons, as happened in July last year, when the United States-and other nations-called "more time" to negotiate.
The approval of the treaty required the approval of the 193 countries of the UN, but before the veto of Syria, Iran and North Korea, a group of nations-represented by Kenya and composed of United Kingdom, Japan, the U.S. and eight other countries, said it would ask the United Nations secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, bring the final draft to the General Assembly for adoption as soon as possible, which could be next Tuesday April 2.
The General Assembly adoption would be a victory but may have surprises. If the treaty had been approved yesterday, linking countries but had been immediately present it to the Assembly can assume that the nations who had doubts and reveal now abstain or vote against. The missed opportunity is historical and frustration reigned among government delegations and civil society organizations who have spent years giving this battle that only countries can trade weapons that meet human rights standards.
But both the general secretary - "is confident that the arms deal will be approved," said his spokesman, Martin Nesirky, as activists of the Coalition for Arms Control, which groups some 100 organizations in favor of control arms-declared it "a matter of time" that the agreement a reality. "The world has been hijacked by three states," said disappointed Anna McDonald of Oxfam International. "It should not be allowed to countries like Iran, Syria and North Korea to the outside world dictate how they should regulate the sale of arms."
After seven years of arduous negotiations and two weeks of marathon sessions at the UN headquarters in New York, three countries isolated by its poor record of respect for human rights abducted at the last moment the long process
After 30 years struggling for peace, Jordi Armadans traveled to New York to attend two weeks of intense negotiations at the UN. In a telephone conversation, the director of the Foundation for Peace claimed that "the process is irreversible." "All these years have served to bring to the table that the arms trade is not harmless, it has serious consequences," he explains.
Armadans was satisfied that it had reduced the number of countries for the treaty to enter into force, going from 65 to 50. "That will certainly facilitate its implementation", advanced. Also, have relaxed the requirements for future amendments, and not be required to be "by consensus", but with the support of three quarters of member countries.
"This is a great opportunity, it is not a disarmament campaign but control," he said. "If we promote democracy, freedom and dignity," he argued Armadans citing the Arab Spring broke out in 2011, "is absurd and indecent democratic countries selling arms to regimes that use these weapons to massacre the population claiming these principles ". "This is a treaty that can be used to stop many of the killings occur, genocide and war crimes that have lived so far," concluded the director of Foundation for Peace.
The draft treaty provides that the agreement is not intended to regulate the use of weapons domestic ANY OF signatory countries. The pact requirirá to all signatory countries to implement a particular moral conventional arms sales, which in principle means that each country evaluate, before each transaction, whether sold weapons could become used to dodge an international embargo, commit genocide or other serious violations of human rights or you may reach the hands of terrorists or criminals. The final draft allows states to determine whether a particular arms transfer could contribute to peace and security or otherwise to undermine them.
All these years have served to bring to the table that the arms trade is not harmless, it has serious consequences, "explains Jordi Armadans, director of the Foundation for Peace
The provision of human rights is very powerful in the sketch, adding that the export of conventional weapons should be banned if they are to be used in attacks on civilians or civilian buildings housing such as schools and hospitals.
The treaty covers tanks, armored vehicles and combat aircraft systems, large caliber artillery, attack helicopters, warships, missiles and missile launchers and small arms.
United States-largest arms supplier in the world, said after the meeting that the draft contained "the text aims to achieve a strong, balanced and applicable prohibitions would increase common standards for regulating international trade in conventional weapons," explained head of the delegation, Tom Countryman. Russia recognized that the text was "omissions" and "questionable" clauses, such as the lack of control of arms transfers to rebel groups.
Despite the failure on Thursday and lost a historic opportunity, the Coalition for Arms Control said he did not give up. "The treaty will succeed, it is only a matter of time. We have a clear message to human rights violators: your time is running out ".
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