欧州連合(EU)は、違法漁業の摘発強化を宣言する
Carné por puntos para la pesca
La Unión Europea declara la guerra a la pesca ilegal
Los pescadores que faenen ilegalmente serán sancionados como los conductores de automóviles
Vidal Maté 17 MAR 2013 - 00:00 CET
Penalty points for fishing
The European Union declares war on illegal fishing
Anglers fishing illegally will be punished as car drivers
Vidal killed 17 MAR 2013 - 00:00 CET
From March 1, fishing illegally will leave them more expensive to both shipowners and skippers and captains with the launch of penalty points and an update of the fines were already covered in the Fisheries Act 2001. The owners are at risk not only to the suspension of the license of the vessel for the activity of two months to a year, but the permanent loss of the same. Meanwhile, captains and masters are facing disqualification business in two months to a year, depending on the number of points you accumulate. As in traffic, but in reverse.
The Cooperative of Shipowners of Vigo, where they are an important part of the vessels in the fishing community, stresses that fishing is the only sector of the economy in which for an administrative offense can temporarily close a business. It opposes the measure, but regrets that the quota allocation policy has not been the same for all countries.
The fight against illegal fishing is one of the most important battles in which have been implicated in recent decades from environmental groups to international organizations such as FAO and the European Commission. This line is approved within the FAO Code of Conduct for Fisheries in 1995, the implementation of the plan to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal in 2006 and holding a meeting with the same goals in 2009.
Offences and penalties
1. Failure to record and report catch data to be transmitted by the satellite-based vessel: 3 points.
2. Use of prohibited gear or not in conformity with EU rules: 4 points.
3. Falsifying or concealing the markings, identity or registration: 5 points.
4. Concealment, alteration or removal of evidence of an investigation: 5 points.
5. Climb on board, transhipment and landing of fish without regulatory size: 5 points.
6. Fishing activities in waters regulated by an international conflict with their management measures: 5 points.
7. Can fish without appropriate license, authorization or permission of the flag state or coastal state: 7 points.
8. Exercise fishing in a closed area or during the off-season, do not share or quota exhausted: 6 points.
9. Fishing in a prohibited or moratorium population: 7 points.
10. Obstructing the work of the inspectors or observers Fishing: 7 points.
11. Participate in a transfer or other operations with vessels on the list of illegal: 7 points.
12. Using vessels without nationality: 7 points.
This concern for the development of illegal coincides with a deterioration in the fisheries resources, although the numbers of different research organizations are not exactly coincident. In some seas such as the Mediterranean, the situation is particularly severe, with 80% of overexploited resources. FAO, meanwhile, estimates that 77% of fish stocks worldwide are overexploited, 52% full.
Being an illegal activity is difficult to quantify. In the various agencies involved in the sector are shuffled figures ranging from 12 to almost 20 million tons a year, worth well over a wide range: from 8,000 to 16,000 million euros. The reality is that this is a very important phenomenon considering that the volume of fish catches is slightly below 90 million tons.
The fact that illegal handle that volume of resources has made it very lucrative. This has meant that have signed up to it thousands of boats operating wards covered in flags of convenience and that, in turn, has developed a strong current in international organizations to prevent the rise of a business that exist if there were such fishing boats transshipping at sea or those who download the product in EU ports, as in his day in Las Palmas.
What happens in distant water fisheries, the Pacific, the Atlantic, the coast of Africa and the Indian Ocean, especially for species such as swordfish and tuna, not a situation outside EU waters, where the Court of Auditors and warned at the time on this issue, claiming the existence of unreliable data in each country, no inspections and sanctions ineffective deterrent.
Community authorities have in recent years developed different regulations in line claimed from FAO. In this context there is the 2008 legislation to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) and the subsequent regulation of 2009 which was due to start the penalty points system, which came into force was postponed in Spain until March 1.
For the system of penalty points is taken as a reference to the existing driving license, but in reverse. Instead of assigning some points and cut them according to the offenses, fishing points are assigned for each type of violation that range from three to seven. This allocation of points can be applied in the same illegal act, both the boat license, the owner, the master or the captain of the boat depending on the nature, value or damages caused to the environment and marine resources.
The allocation of points is not effective until there is a resolution of the competent body. If an inspection reveals several offenses, may be assigned to only 12 points. The new system affects all Spanish-flagged vessels wherever they operate, as well as patterns and Spanish captains in all seas.
In the case of the boat, the owner will lose your license for two months if sanctions sum by 18 points, for four months with 36 points, 54 points, eight months and one year by 72 points. If you add 90 points, lose your license permanently. Case of the sale of a ship, in the operation also included the points. If a vessel is fishing with a license suspended or revoked, may be registered in the global list of illegal boats.
In the case of the pattern or master, the person shall be disqualified for their activities for two months with 30 points, four months with 70 points, eight months with 100 points and 130 points a year.
All items included in the National Register of Offences. It is possible the redemption of points if no violations for three years. Likewise, two points can reduce behaviors that contribute to the successful implementation of the fisheries policy.
Besides assigning points, the new system provides an update of the existing fines that go from 60 euros for minor offenses to 300,000 euros for very serious.
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