中央アメリカ最大の熱帯雨林保護地帯のニカラグアのMayagna先住民の20'000km2 のBosawas森林地域では、毎年42'000haの森林が植民者により破壊され、農業地、牧草地、木材搾取が続けられている。
Violencia y exterminio en el pulmón de Centroamérica
Bosawás, la mayor reserva de bosques tropicales de la región, pierde 42 mil hectáreas anuales Indígenas denuncian el acoso de invasores
Carlos Salinas Managua 6 MAY 2013 - 21:27 CET
Violence and destruction in the lung of Central
Bosawás, the largest tropical forest reserve in the region, lost 42 000 hectares per year Indigenous invaders denounce harassment
Carlos Salinas Managua 6 MAY 2013 - 21:27 CET
Tension Bosawás seizes the rainforest reserve largest in Central America. Leaders of a Maya indigenous group, the traditional inhabitants of these forests with a total area of 20,000 square kilometers, denounced the lookout for invaders who are destroying the trees to establish farming activities and exploit precious woods in the area. The clashes between natives and invaders, called settlers, left and an Indian died in late April. "We do not want more deaths, so institutions should affect this. Mayagnas Indians deserve to live in our territories, we want to resolve this issue peacefully, "said Sebastian Gustavo Lino, president Sauni As Mayagna territory, located within the reserve.
Bosawás was listed in 1997 by UNESCO in the list of world's biosphere reserves, given the importance of this forest, which has more than 270 species of plants, over 200 species of animals (estimated Bosawás home to 13 % of tropical species known) and about 200 thousand species of insects. It is also home to indigenous populations living in forest resources and protect it from invaders. Leaders Mayagnas said patrols have organized groups to denounce these invasions, but the colonists react violently intimidating.
"We patrolling in vulnerable areas, we tell people invading you leave peacefully. We do it because we care about the booking status, "Sebastian said Lino. On 23 April, a group of Indians made a run to corroborate the information of a new invasion in the forest. The invaders, according to the complaint of the Indians, had shot down 28 hectares of tropical trees, making up information to make the complaint, but were attacked by settlers, Sebastian said Lino. The native Elijah Charles Taylor was seriously injured and died days later from injuries sustained in the confrontation.
Lino Sebastian denounced government neglect found in the area and said the government of Daniel Ortega had directed the authorities of the Ministry of Environment, Environmental Attorney, Army and Police to maintain constant patrol Bosawás, but the order of president is not met, said indigenous leader. "Ortega directed them to go down (to the area) to resolve these issues, but so far have failed. So we got up and send patrols, "he said.
The Ortega Executive has said Bosawás protection will be a priority. Rosario Murillo, First Lady and head of the Cabinet made publicly Ortega said that "the President will ensure that we focus on a different education, in this case to save Bosawás from culture, from the emotions, from feelings, from experiences, from identity, from the sense of belonging to the human community that lives on Mother Earth and Mother Earth recognized in Mother Nature, a living being, a being that feeds us, a being that helps us to sustain life, "said Murillo, who made no reference to violence suffered by indigenous or timber mafias that according to reports from environmental groups are wiping Bosawás forest.
A report published by the German Agency for Sustainable Development (GIZ) shows that Bosawás (that has an almost similar to that of Israel) has lost, from 1987-2010, more than 564 000 hectares of forest, with an average loss more than 42 000 hectares per year since 2005.
The study, co-produced with the National Union of Farmers and Ranchers of Nicaragua (UNAG) shows that the deterioration of the forest is due to land speculation, illegal logging, agriculture and extensive livestock hunger for raw materials Asian emerging economies such as the negligence of the Government of Nicaragua, which has virtually no presence in the area. The report is categorical to warn of the risk that suffers the reserve, which represents 14% of the Nicaraguan territory of 130 square kilometers.
The forest, including virgin forests, has lost much ground in Bosawás, from more than 1,604,000 hectares in 1987 to 1,039,000 in 2010. In the period 2005-2010, Bosawás lost more than 42,000 hectares of forest annually. And on the deterioration of the virgin forest, the report shows that the reserve GIZ increased from 1,170,000 hectares in 1987 to 832 237 in 2010. In total, we have lost 3,379 square miles of virgin forest, an area much larger than Luxembourg.
A Bosawás is winning the boom that Nicaragua has had in agriculture, animal husbandry and exploitation of precious woods. Official figures show that in the communities surrounding the reserve are recorded over ten thousand farmers, dedicated to raise more than 100,000 head of cattle. Livestock, grain production and logging in the region, generating more than 140,000 dollars to Nicaragua, although recently strong revenues come from logging.
It is estimated that some 2,000 working Bosawás woods tumblers, whose economic weight is around 20 million dollars. The marketing of the wood, which is also negotiated with the approval of the landowners in the area and indigenous communities living in extreme poverty, generates about $ 118 million, representing 2.5% of the GDP of Nicaragua, as Official figures from the country's Central Bank.
"40% of the wood used in the country is illegal," said Marcial Lopez, municipal development expert who is the author of the study, the most comprehensive that has been done so far. "This illegal logging is the result of an activity involving many actors: There is a vast network of private investors, importers, informants," says Lopez. Indians warn of the threat: "We protect the heritage of all Nicaraguans and everyone in the world," said Sebastian Lino. "If the government of Nicaragua does not act, in ten years there will be nothing for our protection," added Indian leaders in an open letter. "We want the world to know that Bosawás is in danger," they added.
中央アメリカ最大の熱帯雨林保護地帯のニカラグアのMayagna先住民の20'000km2 のBosawas森林地域では、毎年42'000haの森林が植民者により破壊され、農業地、牧草地、木材搾取が続けられている。
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