経済危機が来たら、収出を押える
ANÁLISIS
Si llega el huracán, cierren las ventanas
José Carlos Díez Madrid 25 MAY 2013 - 19:32 CET
ANALYSIS
If the hurricane comes, close the windows
Jose Carlos Diez Madrid 25 MAY 2013 - 19:32 CET
When you study the behavior of economies come to the conclusion that it is cyclical. When you study the exchange of ideas as well. When you read articles today the Great Depression have the feeling that they have been written now. Both have the same neocons simplistic approaches to limiting public intervention necessary to get an economy out of depression. It was then and is today Hoover Merkel, but the arguments and fallacies are the same.
In Spain the debate of ideas reminiscent of 1993, but as the crisis of greater magnitude, the debate has been radicalized. Now it is the pension reform. With these models we now do the calculations by economists, in 1993 it was said that in 2010 the pension system would be broken. Now with the same Excel say break in 2022. Instead of recognizing our mistakes, economists use the euphemism "we have calibrated the model".
Be clear that I am in favor of pension reform. Fortunately our life expectancy has increased significantly and we continue to retire at the same age in the seventies. Moreover, after the baby boom of the early sixties had a very low birth rate and generate demographic problems that step in the next decade.
But in the midst of a depression, with 27.2% unemployment and job losses as a minced meat grinder, now undertake a thorough reform of the sustainability factor will be the biggest mistake you can make economic policy this government.
Expectations Keynes introduced his general theory to explain the depressions. Friedman made to explain the behavior of consumers, who account for two thirds of GDP. What we know is that human beings do not like sudden change in our standard of living during our life cycle and consume today in terms of our expected future income.
The labor reform last year, in addition to lower the firing and exacerbate job losses, caused a greater chance of losing their jobs and a lower expected income if you were fired. That took a toll on consumption, depression deepened, amplified increased delinquencies and credit restrictions.
The credit crunch caused the drowning of thousands of companies use destroyed everything, more consumption and falling back again. This is the vicious cycle that explains depression and if we do not stop soon will lead to debt default and force us to leave the euro.
The pension reform affects nine million Spanish pensioners and those over 50 who are already close their pension and are afraid to see how their living standards fall. It has been leaked that the Institute for Fiscal Stadiums under the Ministry of Finance, estimated that we will lose up to 40% pensions. We have opened the Pandora's box of fear and now it manage the chaos.
Economists models are similar to those used by physicists and meteorologists. Let me use an anecdote compared between pensions and hurricanes. In the midst of a hurricane windows must be protected and we want to get to repair the roof.
It is simpler than the Prime Minister stop hiding behind economists. Personally explain the high job losses has led to a large deficit in Social Security that prevents revalue pensions. Even forces temporarily cut tresmileuristas maximum pension as has been done with the salary of civil servants.
This will have a negative impact on consumption, but infinitely less than generate them questions about the income of their next 30 years.
If they do what they are thinking, the coming year will continue into depression and high risk of default. Rajoy will say that is because of the inheritance; Merkel, she already warned that pensions are not reformed, the troika, not know, no answer, and the panel economists, politicians do not listen to them. But, to quote the philosopher, "are guilty of what we could avoid."
Jose Carlos Diez is Intermoney chief economist and economics professor and author Icade there life after the crisis (Plaza y Janes, 2013).
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