スペインとモロッコの国境の街のCeuta, Melillaなどでは、約30'000人の西アフリカ人がスペインに密入国しようとモロッコ側に待機。
30.000 inmigrantes aguardan en Marruecos para saltar a Ceuta y Melilla
Informes policiales alertan de la “enorme presión” migratoria sobre Ceuta y Melilla
Aumenta la entrada en coches con doble fondo debido a “policías corruptos”
El peligro de los ‘coches kamikazes’
GRÁFICO Las rutas de la inmigración y el cerco de Ceuta y Melilla
In English: 30,000 sub-Saharan migrants awaiting border crossing attempt
Jesús Duva Madrid 16 FEB 2014 - 21:13 CET
30,000 immigrants waiting to jump in Morocco to Ceuta and Melilla
Police reports warn of the immigration "enormous pressure" on Ceuta and Melilla
Increased entry into cars with double bottom due to "corrupt cops"
The danger of 'kamikaze cars'
GRAPHIC migration routes and the siege of Ceuta and Melilla
In Inglés: 30,000 sub-Saharan migrants awaiting border crossing attempt
Jesus Duva Madrid 16 FEB 2014 - 21:13 CET
Some 30,000 sub-Saharan Africans are settled in Morocco waiting to enter illegally into Europe, in most cases through Ceuta and Melilla , as Spanish police sources . Following the recent jump the border fence of Ceuta , which has now resulted in the death of 15 drowned in African Tarajal beach , all reports highlighted the "enormous migratory pressure " on around the two Spanish autonomous cities . In Morocco there are " well-structured criminal organizations " dealing with transport and channel to the thousands of immigrants fleeing their countries.
Sub-Saharan economic means to choose the services of mafia networks to reach Europe in motorboats or hiding in cars with double bottom so circumvent border controls. However, a large number of immigrants has little money to survive let alone pay the fees of the mafias. So jump the fences of Ceuta and Melilla is his " only option to move from Morocco to Spanish territory , as it has no cost and can be done at any time ," according to sources State Security .
Massive jumps the fence , as it occurred on 6 February in Ceuta, are not organized by the mafia , although performed in a coordinated manner by immigrant groups stationed in nearby camps. In many cases , the date will produce a flood of this type from Morocco is set several days in advance and that information is known even among immigrants who wait in other neighboring countries. Reporting sources say , for example, that in Nouadhibou (Mauritania ) are met four days before the last day 6 would produce a tumultuous leap the fence of Ceuta, to the point that a group of Cameroonians put immediate steps to try to join the stampede .
The Spanish intelligence services know that most of the plots of irregular immigration in Morocco , Mauritania , Nigeria and Senegal can not send their human cargo in canoes to the Canary Islands by strengthening cooperation between authorities and greater measures of control and surveillance. So the networks have focused on the transfer of their "clients " to around Ceuta and Melilla.
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Police also aware of the existence of Moroccan criminal groups engaged in sub-Saharan transport from Ceuta to Melilla ( or vice versa) depending on the specific situation in each city. If one entry is easier , have the means to transport the immigrants during the 400 miles that separate them .
According to police sources , massive jumps Ceuta and Melilla are " the most disturbing entry method for its destabilizing potential, the ability to create social alarm and risk of the use of violence by the SSA and the forces Moroccan security , which has already caused several deaths . "
Another source of concern in Ceuta and Melilla are clandestine immigrants entries hidden in vehicles with double bottoms or secret compartments . "This method is increasing, thanks to the complicity of corrupt police on both sides of the border that alert mafias suitable day and time for these illegal transport " , added police analysts.
Ceuta has become one of the main centers of attraction for SSA because of its proximity to the mainland and the large number of maritime links to Algeciras ( Cádiz). That increases the chances of crossing the strait ferries, merchant ships , buses and trucks. The thousands of migrants seeking to reach Europe from Ceuta settle in camps mounted Casiago area , in the vicinity of Castillejos (Morocco ) and in the next to the road linking Tangier to Tetouan Mountains.
The fence of Ceuta, due to the characteristics of the land on which it stands, " it is harder than jumping Melilla " , police said . That makes attempts to cross it always occur at the ends where the barbed wire fence just at sea ( the jetties and Benzú Tarajal ) . This , indeed, was the route used by the hundreds of immigrants who staged last 6th jump that ended with the drowning of 15 sub-Saharan .
In Melilla migrants await the jump in makeshift camps in the mountains of Gurugú and in the mountains of Afrahy Selouane , where they arrive from Oujda and Nador. Usually come from Francophone countries , but in Oujda " is notable for the presence of Nigerian networks that control human trafficking from the Algerian border ." Police reports emphasize that " the topography of the Melilla border difficult to control your fence and still allows the approximation of irregular immigrants , despite the efforts of the Moroccan security forces to stop it ."
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Those seeking to enter the peninsula by sea do well in motor boats or rafts rowing t . Both possibilities , which are controlled by criminal networks have their bases in Tangier, Al Hoceima and around Ceuta and Melilla. Although rafts are dangerous, illegal immigrants take to the waters confident that , after eluding the vigilance of the Moroccan Royal Navy , will subsequently rescued by the Spanish Maritime Rescue , which will lead to the mainland.
Moreover, the Spanish authorities are very pleased to make blinded another route of entry for immigrants: the canoes moved to the Canary Islands from Senegal and Gambia. Since 2009, there have been no more arrivals of such vessels, with the cooperation of the governments concerned. Now, these mafias have changed their routes and also engage customers to transfer their northern Morocco .
Accessing migration from Algeria to Morocco must have the cooperation of Nigerian gangs have transport and accommodation. "These frames have reached a high degree of specialization and now monopolize much of the business " as many police reports.
Criminal networks typically charge a fee of between 25 and 45 euros for each immigrant who facilitate entry into Ceuta or Melilla swim or float ; 1,000 euros if you do in small boats , between 3,000 and 4,000 euros if you get into car and between 5,000 and 6,000 euros if you provide a false passport.
According to the Spanish intelligence services , each sub saharan costing between 1,000 and 1,200 euros for the passage across the strait if it is in a conventional small boat , but the sum rises to 3,000 if you do it in a fast boat.
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