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Resultados bancarios: beneficios huecos
Cae con fuerza el negocio típico que se compensa por las operaciones financieras
Íñigo de Barrón 9 FEB 2014 - 00:00 CET
Bank Results: hollow benefits
Cae tackles the typical business that compensates for financial transactions
Inigo Barron 9 FEB 2014 - 00:00 CET
Sometimes , banks seem to live in another world, away from the real economy. They can work in a country like Spain where the economy has fallen by 1.2 % , has a 26% unemployment , the credit granted has decreased by 7% delinquency and continues to rise , however , in 2013 the benefits of the major (Santander , BBVA, CaixaBank , Popular, Sabadell and Bankinter ) have quadrupled over those of 2012. Bankia has not been taken into account for this calculation because they distort , and in 2012 lost 19,099,000 .
This apparent inexplicable situation can only be understood if low retail accounting (of which a banker said it was " gum " ) and multiple resources with financial institutions for money are .
In summary, the most important banks got many benefits last year, 8.497 million , but little for his recurring business and less in Spain . The proof is that the interest margin , reflecting the typical banking ( what you get for loans and paid on deposits ) , has fallen 20 % in the sector.
" A strict analysis would conclude that banks earn little . If we take the gross margin provisions made , the benefit is negligible , "says Iñigo Vega, banking expert from the British firm Nau Securities.
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The Spanish business has been bad even for large , hitherto concealed this situation. Emilio Botin, chairman of Santander, admitted that they have not made money in 2013 in Spain and BBVA revealed losses of 671 million for real estate investments.
The benefits obtained in 2013 only by extraordinary factors explain the income statement , as well as the sharp drop in supplies. In 2012 banks made very strong provisions for Guindos Guindos 1 and 2 decrees with which they covered the holes in the brick. In 2012 the financial sector 82,547,000 scored by " impairment of assets" , and until September 2013 (latest data available ) , the figure had dropped to 16,300 million. Without this huge burden, the results have surfaced .
Falling provisions might suggest that delinquencies are down , but do not. The persistence of high unemployment and the growing number of people without any subsidy, predict an increase in delinquencies in 2014.
Entities admit unpaid mortgages are one of their biggest problems, according to International Financial Analyst (AFI ) , this rate could increase from 5.5% in 2013 to 6.1 % this year. However, as noted by Meredith Sola, bank analyst at the firm , although delinquencies rise , banks will not repeat the huge supplies last . "So far, the bank has reduced its results 115.000 million to be earmarked for endowments " he says.
Big win four times , but no extras , the result would be flat
In addition to removing lead, needed an income : financial operations reached , ie buying and selling of shares and sovereign debt , largely with cheap money that has been given them by the ECB ( see box). The nationalized Bankia , chaired by José Ignacio Goirigolzarri , who managed to revive an institution with problems , is one of the most benefit from this business, incorporating the financial margin. The big banks managed 4.453 million profit on financial transactions , double that of 2012. Typically the financial business involving the 13 % gross margin in 2013 was 39 % , analysts say .
Financial markets always recover before the economy , and banks use them to make money . The ratios of public debt held by Spanish banks are superior to those of the north bank .
"The banks have been very supportive of the government by buying large portfolios of debt in 2011 and 2012, to collect 189.000 million in bonds , but are now reducing their positions in the upcoming stress tests of the European Central Bank ," says Iñigo Vega, Nau Securities. The most striking in this chapter has been the case of Banco Sabadell, whose trading income rose by 155 % to 1.547 million .
Another factor that has helped the sector has been the downfall of the remuneration of deposits by the Bank of Spain banned liabilities war in January 2013 . However, this decline has not offset the effect of closing the credit tap . As more are banking margins is by the decrease in the Euribor , which has dragged down margins mortgages. Many entities have losses on credit for home purchases placed during the bubble to Euribor plus 0.5 points , very narrow margins for the current shortage of money. In all other credits, for consumption and businesses , the sector tries to make and apply the highest margins in its history.
The entities have also taken advantage of the resources of preference
Entities with state aid have also taken advantage of the resources injected preferred shares and subordinated debt through applied remove . Finally , another injection to results came for deferred tax assets , for which the Government adopted a new highly advantageous regulation. In this chapter, the most striking case was that of CaixaBank who had pre-tax losses of 713 million , it became 503 million profit thanks to a tax credit of 1,200 million for the purchase of Banco de Valencia ( you received with aid 6,000 million), and the effect of double taxation of investees.
Now the big question is how they will make money this year , less able to rely on financial transactions. Sola Meredith believes the business will be more profitable Spain by falling costs and increasing revenues by a slight increase in credit " especially SMEs, which are key to the economy to grow by 1% ." The behavior of unemployment is another key to the banks. Santander and BBVA , also depend on the behavior of emerging countries , " a threat that is there," pointing in AFI . A complicated for a business that has struggled to return to profitability exercise.
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