スペインで横行する賭(か)くされた賃金引き下げ
Crece la devaluación salarial encubierta
En 2012 el retroceso fue superior al 2% y no del 1%
El Banco de España cree que los salarios caen el doble de lo que dice la estadística
Manuel V. Gómez / Álvaro Romero Madrid 27 FEB 2014 - 00:00 CET
Fuente: Banco de España a partir de datos del Ministerio de Empleo y Seguridad Social, INE, AEAT, UGT. / EL PAÍS
Source: Bank of Spain data from the Ministry of Employment and Social Security, INE, AEAT, UGT. / COUNTRY
Growing wage covert devaluation
In 2012 the decline was greater than 2% and not 1%
The Bank of Spain believes that wages fall twice what the statistics say
Manuel V. Gómez / Alvaro Romero Madrid 27 FEB 2014 - 00:00 CET
Around wages are almost unanimous : fall . Certainties here . How much? Depending on the source and the statistical recourse . And now has come the Bank of Spain in its February newsletter that the data known so far fall short and that wage devaluation is higher than observed so far in statistics. Taking the data of contributions to Social Security , believes the doubles . "The process of wage moderation that began in 2010 could be more intense than the statistics of aggregate labor costs ," says the controller.
Source: Bank of Spain data from the Ministry of Employment and Social Security , INE, AEAT , UGT . / COUNTRY
The crisis , from the beginning, has been primed with fewer workers paying jobs : young , untrained employees , immigrants, temporary. They are the ones who have suffered job losses . Therefore, their statistical weight has fallen. Instead, he gained to " workers with more training and more experience, that, on average , earn higher wages " and more resistant . The consequence of this double movement is that wage falls are cushioned in aggregate statistics. For researchers of the Bank of Spain , taking as the source contribution base for Social Security , this phenomenon would have been in 2012 that the real wage would fall slightly above 2 % and not a bit more than 1% as reflected in aggregate figures ( in annual labor cost survey conducted by the INE , the reduction in that year was 0.69 %).
Already downs in recent years , which were accentuated in 2012 to wage pact thread that unions and employers reached observed
The regulator estimates would be higher if I could enter into their calculations of wage devaluation other routes , such as unpaid overtime , which in 2012 and 2013 , increased by 4.3 % and 28 % , respectively.
Clarifies the Bank of Spain that is made by its researchers a theoretical " to see what the impact of the composition effect exercise " as is technically called this phenomenon, and that " does not challenge any official information ."
However, it is also true that the last data clean composition effect of that is closer on average to reflect the payroll of those who keep their jobs , which aggregates data known so far. Hence, the paper's authors assert in his text , " as pronounced changes in the composition of employment can generate relatively significant statistical effects to be taken into account when making an accurate diagnosis of the evolution of labor costs ."
moreWages fall , the economy growsWage advances devaluation2014 : Wages down , prices upThe Government freeze the minimum wage for 2014 at 645.30 per month
During the early years of the crisis (2008 and 2009 ), wages grew strongly . According to the Bank of Spain , much of this effect is also in relation to the composition effect , the conclusion that coincides with a report published earlier this week by UGT. In 2010 it began a process of moderation.
Already downs in recent years , which were accentuated in 2012 straight wage pact to trade unions and employers, labor reform and the abolition of the Christmas bonus for public employees came observed . Last year the decline slowed , largely because officials charged again 14 and 13 payroll .
The wage devaluation is one of the bets of the Executive in economic policy to regain lost competitiveness in the Spanish economy during the bubble years . The demand international organizations ( IMF, OECD, European Commission), the CEOE services and private studies. Among the latter is the BBVA , estimated that in November an additional 7% reduction in wages would get the Spanish economy into a virtuous circle that took him to grow 8.3% 10.4% and create jobs.
The destruction of the worst employment figures relieved of official statistics
As against this are the unions, which argue that Spain has already gone further than was wise in wage devaluation. They argue that to continue in this line Spain , the purchasing power of employees fall over and with it , consumption and , therefore, the economy will take much longer to recover . UGT explained this week 's report on wages your choice through the reverse path .
Something similar has been saying for months CC OO, what a year 2014 is of special significance. This completes the three- year wage pact signed by the main trade unions and employers in which, in practice, a wage freeze was agreed . Now it renew and watching the distance between the positions of both sides, the task will not be easy. President of CEOE, Juan Rosell , as claimed on Monday the extension until 2016. His proposal received a prompt reply from the secretary of CCOO union action , Ramón Górriz "If strives to maintain near-zero wage growth, Collective Bargaining Agreement , which addressed renovation starts today [ on Tuesday] , not be possible . "
