スペインでは2012年9月1日から薬品や教科書や基礎食品の割り引き付加価値税IVA·VAT(間接税·消費税)4%は据え置きの他は、食料品などの割り引き付加価値税が8%から10%に、一般付加価値税が18%から21%に値上げされ、大型店は商品に値上げを転嫁しない方針
Las grandes cadenas asumirán el IVA, el pequeño negocio se ahoga
Mercadona o Inditex apuestan por mantener precios para sostener las ventas
¿En qué productos sube el IVA?
Andrés R. Gavino / Esther Tejedor Fernández Madrid 28 AGO 2012 - 21:21 CET
Large chains assume VAT, drowns small business
Inditex Mercadona or in favor of continuing to sustain sales prices
What products raises the VAT?
Andrew R. Gavino / Weaver Esther Fernández Madrid 28 AGO 2012 - 21:21 CET
The real cost of it was in January 2012, but starting this Saturday. On September 1 shall enter into force on the rising value added tax (VAT) and there will be free citizen. The increase approved by the Government in July was three points for the general type (18% to 21%) and two for the small (8% to 10%). The super-reduced, affecting staples, books or drugs, remain at 4%. To mitigate the consequences of the increase, many big chains have announced they will not charge the ascent to the final price. At least, for now. Some small businesses also try to maintain prices, but they need to compensate: the menu of the day, more chicken and less beef.
Mercadona, a leader in the distribution business in Spain, will assume the margin tax. And company officials chaired by Juan Roig deny that prices have gone up sooner or later they will do to compensate. In the textile sector, since Inditex announced that the increase would not impact its stores, other large chains like Mango, H & M and Cortefiel have joined the initiative.
Eroski deducted promises that the rise in school supplies products while Carrefour, for now, only stated that it will continue with its promotion of the VAT to eliminate over 65 years and Ikea will keep the price at 65% of its products. The English Court has not yet manifested, although in June and began a campaign that claimed that 20% would fall most basic products.
Fact or just a publicity gimmick?
The Spanish Confederation of Housewives, Consumers and Users (CEACCU) believes that this is a decision "very short term due to marketing", and the Organization of Consumers and Users (OCU) says, "will be temporary and in a year applied to most surfaces rise in full ".
With the new tax rates, VAT fish and meat rises from 8% to 10%. If a kilo of beef steaks cost 11.90 euros, in the coming days will rise to 12.04 euros. Milk, white bread or eggs will remain in the super-reduced rate (4%) while the appliances, clothes or cars rise from 18% to 21%. The housing passes from 4% to 10%.
Some restaurants seek alternative dishes like changing your letter
Estimates of the impact on household economies vary between CEACCU and OCU. The first estimated to be nearly 600 euros on average over a year while the OCU cut that figure to 470 euros for a family of four. Upward products shopping cart must be added the cost of "back to school", which will rise to 640 euros per child, including books, transportation or room, according to the OCU. Not only the most common purchases become more expensive. The hairdressers, florists and funeral services will increase from 8% to 21%. The climb itself will suffer the cultural sector.
In the hospitality industry, with a rise of 8% to 10%, cafes keep prices so far as general tonic. Pedro Antonio Gomez, owner of a bar in Madrid, ensures that their products will rise, at least on Saturday. "We will continue with the same prices, but we are increasingly drowned," he says. Managers of restaurants opt for different solutions. "There restorers who have spent many years suffering from the crisis and find it difficult not to transfer the increase to their customers, others, however, have the resources to reorient its offer and take the rise," says Emilio Gallego, secretary general of the Spanish Federation Hospitality. One solution is to modify the dishes on the menu.
Consumer associations believe waive the tax "is marketing"
The housing also increase. With stifled domestic demand, the increase in VAT is a new trip for tourism. Although the international traveler blows air to the sector, hostels and hotels through difficult times. The few Spanish stays add to the preference for lodging or camping facilities as well as the ever-present option of the houses of relatives or friends. Antonio Catalan, president of AC Hotels by Marriott is concerned: "We live a collective psychosis because you just hit bottom, we are at the most difficult and the ascent, which is always an easy resource for politicians, will be disastrous."
Businesses assume the increase in tour packages already contracted. Travel agents, whose rate rises from 18% to 21% passing through a critical time. "You can not penalize the main industry of our country," criticizes the president of the Spanish Federation of Travel Agents, Rafael Gallego.
The Catalan Federation of recreation associations (FECASARM) sent a letter to Finance Minister Cristobal Montoro, to denounce the "irreparable harm" to the night sector. They calculated that the increase, if 8% to 21% result in the loss of about 120,000 jobs. Exceltur data are clear: the tourism GDP will contract by 1.5% this year, nine points more than expected before the tax increase.
The bills, gas, telephone, ADSL or water received and incorporated in September increased but the supply is July or August. Transport, which generally rises from 8% to 10%, will be affected by rising fuel prices. The appreciation of the euro and the special tax may lead to higher gasoline above 1.7 euros.
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