2012年12月29日土曜日

Perfume,( film ), (2006, Germany) directed by Tom Tykwer

Perfume,( film ), (2006, Germany) directed by Tom Tykwer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfume:_The_Story_of_a_Murderer_(film)

Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (film)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Perfume: The Story of a Murderer
The film's poster is dominated by the dark silhouette of a naked woman standing against a brightly lit black background with her back facing towards the camera. The top left quarter of her back, from her lower back to her left shoulder, has been digitally altered to deteriorate gradually into a bevy of bright red rose petals.
US theatrical release poster
Directed byTom Tykwer
Produced byBernd Eichinger
Screenplay byAndrew Birkin
Bernd Eichinger
Tom Tykwer
Based onPerfume by
Patrick Süskind
Narrated byJohn Hurt
StarringBen Whishaw
Dustin Hoffman
Alan Rickman
Rachel Hurd-Wood
Karoline Herfurth
Music byTom Tykwer
Johnny Klimek
Reinhold Heil
CinematographyFrank Griebe
Editing byAlexander Berner
StudioVIP Medienfunds 4
Neff Productions
Castelao Productions
Distributed byConstantin Film (Germany)
Metropolitan Filmexport (France)
DreamWorks Pictures (US)
Release date(s)
  • 14 September 2006 (2006-09-14) (Germany)
  • 4 October 2006 (2006-10-04) (France)
  • 24 November 2006 (2006-11-24) (Spain)
  • 27 December 2006 (2006-12-27) (United States)
Running time147 minutes[1]
CountryGermany
Spain
France
United States
LanguageEnglish
Budget€50 million
(US$60 million)
Box office$135,039,943 (worldwide)
Perfume: The Story of a Murderer is a 2006 thriller film directed by Tom Tykwer and written by Andrew Birkin, Bernd Eichinger and Tykwer. It is based on the 1985 novel Perfume by Patrick Süskind. Set in 18th century France, the film tells the story of Jean-Baptiste Grenouille (Ben Whishaw), an olfactory genius, and his homicidal quest for the perfect scent. The film also stars Dustin Hoffman, Alan Rickman and Rachel Hurd-Wood; John Hurt provides narration.
The film was made on a budget of €50 million, making it one of the most expensive German films. Principal photography began on July 12, 2005 and concluded on October 16, 2005; filming took place in Spain, Germany, and France.
Perfume was released on September 14, 2006 in Germany. It grossed $135,039,943 worldwide, of which $53,125,663 was made in Germany. Critics' reviews of the film were mixed; the consensus was that the film had strong cinematography and acting but suffered from an uneven screenplay.

Contents

[hide]

[edit] Plot

The film begins with the sentencing of Jean-Baptiste Grenouille (Ben Whishaw), a notorious murderer. Between the reading of the sentence and the execution, the story of his life is told in flashback, beginning with his abandonment at birth in a French fish market. Raised in an orphanage, Grenouille grows into a strangely detached boy with a superhuman sense of smell. After growing to maturity as a tanner's apprentice, he makes his first delivery to Paris, where he revels in the new odors. He focuses on a redheaded girl selling plums (Karoline Herfurth), following her and repeatedly attempting to sniff her, startling her with his behavior. To prevent her from crying out, he covers the girl's mouth and unintentionally suffocates her. After realizing that she is dead, he strips her body naked and smells her all over, becoming distraught when her scent fades. Afterwards, Grenouille is haunted by the desire to recreate the girl's aroma.
After making a delivery to a perfume shop, Grenouille amazes the Italian owner, Giuseppe Baldini (Dustin Hoffman), with his ability to identify and to create fragrances. He revitalizes the perfumer's career with new formulas, demanding only that Baldini teach him how to preserve scents. Baldini explains that all perfumes are harmonies of twelve individual scents, and may contain a theoretical thirteenth scent. He also tells a story about a perfume discovered in an Egyptian tomb that was so perfect that it caused everyone in the entire world to briefly believe they were in paradise the moment the bottle was opened. When Grenouille discovers that Baldini's method of distillation will not capture the scents of all objects, such as iron chains and dead animals, he becomes depressed. After receiving a letter of presentation written by Baldini, Grenouille leaves to learn a different method in Grasse. En route to Grasse, Grenouille realises that he has no body odor, and is therefore a cipher. He decides that creating the perfect perfume will prove his worth.
Upon arrival in Grasse, Grenouille catches the scent of Laura Richis (Rachel Hurd-Wood), the beautiful, redheaded daughter of the wealthy Antoine Richis (Alan Rickman) and decides that she will be his "thirteenth scent", the linchpin of his perfume. Grenouille finds a job in Grasse under Madame Arnulfi (Corinna Harfouch) and Dominique Druot (Paul Berrondo) and learns the method of enfleurage. He kills a young lavender picker and attempts to extract her scent using the method of hot enfleurage, which fails. After this, he attempts the method of cold enfleurage on a prostitute he hired, but she becomes alarmed and tries to throw him out. He murders her and successfully preserves the scent of the woman thanks to the animal fat. Grenouille embarks on a killing spree, targeting beautiful young girls and capturing their scents using his perfected method. He dumps the women's naked corpses around the city, creating panic. After preserving the first twelve scents, Grenouille plans his attack on Laura. During a church sermon excommunicating him it is announced that an innocent man has confessed to the murders under torture. Richis remains unconvinced and flees the city with his daughter, planning to marry her off as soon as possible. Grenouille tracks her scent to a roadside inn and sneaks into her room that night, appearing to hesitate as she stirs. However the next morning, Richis discovers Laura lying dead in her bed.
Soldiers capture Grenouille moments after he finishes preparing his perfume. On the day of his execution, he applies a drop of the perfume to himself, forcing the jailers to release him and give him their clothes. The executioner and the crowd in attendance are speechless at the beauty of the perfume; they declare Grenouille innocent before falling into a massive orgy. Richis, still convinced of Grenouille's guilt, threatens him with his sword, before being overwhelmed by the scent and embracing Grenouille as his "son". Eventually, the town awakens and decides that the godly Grenouille could not have been the murderer. Druot is convicted for the murders and hanged, since it was his backyard where the clothes and hair of the victims were found.
Walking out of Grasse unscathed, Grenouille has enough perfume to rule the world, but has discovered that it will not allow him to love or be loved like a normal person. Disenchanted by his aimless quest and tired of his life, he returns to Paris. Back in the city, Grenouille returns to the fish market where he was born and pours the remaining perfume over his head. Overcome by the scent and in the belief that Grenouille is an angel, the nearby crowd devours him. The next day, all that is left are his clothes and the empty bottle, from which one final drop of perfume falls.

[edit] Production

[edit] Development

Bernd Eichinger
Producer Bernd Eichinger was denied the rights to the film when he first tried to obtain it in 1985
Perfume: The Story of a Murderer is based on the 1985 novel by Patrick Süskind which has sold over 15 million copies worldwide.[2] Süskind reportedly thought that only Stanley Kubrick and Miloš Forman could do the book justice and refused to let anyone else make a film adaptation of it.[3] Bernd Eichinger, the film's producer, read the novel when it was first released and immediately approached Süskind, who was also a friend of his, to obtain the film rights — Süskind refused.[2] In 2000, Süskind relented and sold Eichinger the rights.[2] Eichinger had to take out a personal loan because the supervisory board of Constantin Film refused to approve the selling price.[4] He is rumored to have paid €10 million for the film rights.[5] The author had no involvement in the project.[6]
Eichinger and screenwriter Andrew Birkin began to write a draft script.[2] Eichinger says that their biggest problem was a narrative one, "The main character doesn't express himself. A novelist can use narrative to compensate for this; that's not possible in film. An audience can usually only get a feeling for a character if the character speaks", said Eichinger. Eichinger said, "With material like this it is especially important for a director to get involved in the script."[2] Eichinger met with a number of directors but felt that only Tom Tykwer was really in tune with the material.[3] In 2003, Tykwer was invited to join Eichinger and Birkin in adapting the novel.[3] The screenplay went through over 20 revisions to get to the final shooting script.[7] The three writers worked hard to create a faithful adaptation that captured the atmosphere and climate of the novel, yet, at the same time, have a specific and individual perspective, in terms of the story and the main character.[8]
The film had a production budget of €50 million (US$63.7 million),[9] making it one of the most expensive German film productions.[3] The film was financed by Constantin Film, which Eichinger was the former CEO of; billionaire Gisela Oeri and VIP Medienfonds. Perfume is Oeri's first investment into a film and she also served as a co-producer.[2] The film received €200,000 in funding from the German Federal Film Board (FFA)'s German–French Agreement fund.[10] Eurimages also granted the film €600,000 in co-production funding.[11] The film received €400,000 in funding from the German Federal Film Board.[12] The film received production funding of €1.6 million from FilmFernsehFonds Bayern, €1 million from the German Federal Film Board and €750,000 from Filmstiftung NRW.[13] The film received distribution funding of €205,000 from FilmFernsehFonds Bayern,[14] €180,000 from the German Federal Film Board[13] and €150,000 from the Bavarian Bank Fund.[14]
Andreas Schmid, CEO of VIP Medienfonds and one of the film's executive producers, was arrested in October 2005 on suspicion of fraud and tax evasion.[15][16] The resulting investigation revealed some irregularities in the financing of Perfume. According to documents Schmid filed to tax authorities, VIP invested €25 million into the film. But according to Constantin Film's ledgers, VIP only put up €4.1 million. The remainder of the €25 million was banked to collect interest, secure bank guaranties and used to pay back investors their share of the film's revenue.[17][18] As VIP claimed the whole €25 million was used to produce the film, its investors were also able to write off their entire contribution against tax. Perfume also received €700,000 in state subsidies from Filmstiftung NRW based on the €4.1 million figure.[17] In November 2007, Schmid was found guilty of multiple counts of tax evasion and sentenced to six years in prison. He had already served more than two years in jail since his arrest.[19]

[edit] Casting

Ben Whishaw.
Ben Whishaw plays Jean-Baptiste Grenouille, a young man with a powerful sense of smell.
Filming was originally planned to begin in the third quarter of 2004 but the filmmakers had trouble finding the right actor to play the protagonist Grenouille.[20] The search to find an actor to play Grenouille took nearly a year.[7] On casting agent Michelle Guish's advice, Tykwer went to see Ben Whishaw perform as Hamlet in Trevor Nunn's production of the play. Tykwer immediately felt that he had found the actor for the role.[2] An audition followed which convinced Eichinger of Whishaw's potential as well.[2] Eichinger described Whishaw as embodying both "the innocent angel and the murderer."[2] Regarding his search to find an actor, Tykwer said "it only really seemed plausible to choose someone for this role who was completely unknown. You could also say a 'nobody' who is to become a 'somebody' - because that's what the story is about too."[2]
When it came to casting the role of Baldini, the washed-up perfumer who first teaches Grenouille how to capture smells and create perfume, Tykwer immediately thought of Dustin Hoffman. "When I took on this project I knew straight away that there was no one who could play Baldini better," said Tykwer.[2] Hoffman had wanted to work with Tykwer since he saw Run Lola Run and Tykwer had always wanted to get Hoffman for a part.[2] Hoffman and Whishaw had a week of rehearsal and a crash course in perfume-making prior to the start of principal photography. The scenes between the two actors were shot in sequence, allowing them to follow the natural progression of their characters' relationship.[2]
Alan Rickman was Tykwer's first choice to play Richis and the role was not offered to anyone else.[2] Tykwer and Eichinger looked through hundreds of audition tapes to find the right actress for the role of Richis' daughter Laura. Tykwer believed he had found the right actress on a tape with 15 actresses but couldn't remember exactly which was the one he liked. Eichinger looked through the tape and found what he thought was a suitable person. It turned out that both men had chosen the same actress, Rachel Hurd-Wood. Tykwer went to London to cast her personally. A new tape was recorded and she was given the role.[2] A suitable actress could not be found for the role of the plum girl in England and the United States so Tykwer decided to look at actresses in Germany. Karoline Herfurth, who had twice worked with Tykwer, was asked to do a screen test with Whishaw, in costume. Herfurth proved herself to Tykwer and her role was expanded.[2]
A total of 5,200 extras were used for the film, sometimes with nearly a thousand at once. The orgy scene at the film's climax required 750 extras. 50 key players from the dance theater group La Fura dels Baus and 100 relatively experienced talents formed the core of the crowd. The remaining 600 extras were arranged around this group of 150 performers.[2]

[edit] Design

The dimly lit set of Baldini's workshop.
The interior of Baldini's workshop. The film's production design was inspired by the work of chiaroscuro painters.[2]
To help define the film's look the crew watched period films such as Sleepy Hollow, Amadeus, Oliver Twist, Barry Lyndon, From Hell, The Elephant Man, Dracula, Brotherhood of the Wolf, Vidocq and Les Misérables.[21] Cinematographer Frank Griebe said that of all the films they watched that had been shot on location, none of them really had the dirt and grit of the city that they desired for Perfume. "We needed a filthy city to get the real feel for the smells of it", said Griebe. Tykwer wanted to recreate 18th-century Paris, as seen through the eyes of the lower-class Grenouille and said that he wanted to shoot the film "as if we were thrown into a time machine with a camera."[3]
Tykwer describes the film as having "a distinctly dark aesthetic", due to both the lack of adequate lighting during the film's time period and the nature of its storyline.[2] The filmmakers took inspiration from painters that specialized in darkness with few sources of light such as Caravaggio, Joseph Wright of Derby and Rembrandt.[2] The film begins with a cool, monochromatic color palette, and as Grenouille discovers more scents, the palette warms and opens up. In the scenes where Grenouille goes to Paris for the first time, the filmmakers subtly added more powerful colors in the sets, costumes, props and lighting to represent Grenouille's experience of the new smells.[21]
One of the main challenges of making the film was to convey the smells and the world of scents that Grenouille experiences. Tykwer said that to him Perfume "was much more a film about the importance of smell in our life than a film that tries to be smelly."[3] The filmmakers strived to convey smell visually without the use of colors or special effects,[2] Griebe says "people see the fish market full of raw, bloody fish, and they know it stinks; they see a field of lavender and know it smells wonderful. We show Grenouille taking in smells by cupping his nose, and by doing close shots of his nose, and that's it!"[21]
"Süskind's gift is in his ability to let his readers, through language, experience Grenouille's world, which is revealed solely through his sense of smell. We have done the same with a different language, one composed of sound, music, dialogue and, of course, image."
Bernd Eichinger, producer[2]
Pierre-Yves Gayraud, the film's costume designer, spent 15 weeks researching 18th century fashion. Production of over 1,400 costumes, in addition to the preparation of shoes, hats and other accessories were completed within three months by workshops in and around Bucharest in Romania.[2] The costume department had to make the clothing look worn and dirty. Additionally, the actors were required to wear the costumes and more or less live in them prior to shooting.[2] The character Grenouille was not given any white clothing and wore bluish over-garments throughout most of the film because the filmmakers wanted to depict him as a shadow and a chameleon.[2] Instead of dressing the character of Laura in the colorful regional dress that was the tradition of the time, she was dressed in the less vivid tones of a Parisian damsel to highlight her social aspirations as well as her red hair.[2]

[edit] Filming

Although the filmmakers needed an 18th century French setting, shooting the film in its original setting of Paris was unlikely due to the extensive modernization of the city in the 19th century.[21][22] Croatia was initially considered as an alternative because of its earthy scenery and pristine old-world towns,[2] but even though the price was right, the distance between locations proved to be disadvantageous.[21] In the end, the filmmakers opted to shoot most of the film in Spain which, although more expensive than Croatia, offered locations which were closer to each other.[21]
Principal photography began on July 12, 2005 and concluded on October 16, 2005. The first 15 days was spent entirely on the largest stage of Bavaria Film Studios in Munich, shooting the scenes between Baldini and Grenouille in the former's workshop.[2] All of the scenes with Hoffman were completed within the first eleven days.[20] Most of the remaining scenes were shot in Spain, specifically in Barcelona, Girona and Figueres. The streets of Barcelona stood in for that of Paris. El Gòtic, Barcelona's historic town center, was converted into a Paris fish market. The Poble Espanyol, an open-air museum in Barcelona, was the location for the climactic orgy scene. To create an authentic dirty look, the film's crew included a "dirt unit" of about 60 people whose job was to distribute detritus over the city. Two and a half tons of fish and one ton of meat was dispersed over El Gòtic.[2] Several mountain and forest scenes were shot in the environs of Girona. The city also provided the location of the home and studio of Madame Arnulfi.[2] Sant Ferran Castle in Figueres provided the location for the tannery, the Paris city gates and the dungeon which Grenouille is imprisoned in.[2] The cave in which Grenouille discovers he has no scent was also located in Figueres.[2] Some landscape shots, including those used as Grasse's lavender fields, were filmed in Provence, France in late June 2005, before principal photography started.[2]
The cinematographer for Perfume was Frank Griebe, who Tykwer has worked with on all of his films.[21] The film was shot on Arri cameras and lenses. For sequences which required the camera to be extremely close to its subject, Griebe used the Kenworthy/Nettman Snorkel Lens System.[23] Griebe shot the film on 3-perf Super 35 film using three Kodak Vision2 film stocks — 500T 5218, 200T 5217 and 100T 5212.[21] 5218 was used for all the night scenes and the choice between the other two were determined by weather conditions — 5212 when it was very sunny and 5217 whenever it was overcast.[21] Tykwer and Griebe originally discussed shooting Perfume in the traditional Academy 1.33:1 aspect ratio, but they decided against it because of the difficulty of theatrical exhibition. "We felt 1.33:1 was perfect for many aspects of this story, but today you can't release a 1.33 film in theaters," said Griebe.[21]

[edit] Post-production

Post-production took place in Munich and required nine months to complete, concluding in the third quarter of 2006.[2][6] Film editor Alex Berner was present at all the shooting locations and was on set with Tykwer. Berner also cut dailies as filming progressed which, according to Tykwer, saved a lot of time later. Tykwer said they had to work this way due to the film's tight schedule (the European release dates had already been locked).[24] On every night of filming, Tykwer and Griebe would take screenshots from the dailies and make notes for the film laboratory on what sort of tone and palette they wanted, and the level of brightness and contrast they wanted for the prints.[25] A digital intermediate was used for the film. About three months was spent grading the film.[24] Digital grading tools were used to improve the color of the lavender fields because the film crew had arrived a week early and the flowers were not in full bloom.[26] In the scene where Grenouille murders the plum girl, selective coloring was used to take the tone of the dead body's flesh from its natural color to a pale white color.[26]
Visual effects work, of which there were about 250 shots, was carried out by Universal Production Partners in Prague.[24] Much of the visual effects work for the film consisted of minor CGI corrections, such as wire removals; and a lot of crowd manipulation and set extensions.[22][27] Scale models were used to create the shots of the Seine river bridge with houses on it.[24]

[edit] Music

As with all of Tykwer's films since 1997's Winter Sleepers, the musical score for Perfume was composed by Tykwer and two of his friends Johnny Klimek and Reinhold Heil. The score was performed by the Berlin Philharmonic under the direction of conductor Simon Rattle.[2] Tykwer began composing the score with Klimek and Heil the very day he started working on the screenplay.[8] Tykwer said, "I feel like I understand very much about the structure and the motivations of the characters when I'm writing the script, but I really do understand the atmosphere and the emotional and the more abstract part of the film when I'm investigating the music, and when I'm planning the music for it. ... When I then come to the shooting, having worked for three years on the music and three years on the script, I really feel like I know exactly the two worlds and how to combine them."[8] By the time it came to shooting the film, a substantial portion of music had been composed. Tykwer hired a small orchestra and recorded them performing the score. Tykwer played the recorded music on set so people could explore the atmosphere and the acoustic world of the film while they were acting in it.[28] The music was also used instead of temp music during editing.[29]

[edit] Release

[edit] Scent track for the book and the movie

To coincide with the film's release and with Patrick Sueskind's and Tom Tykwer's approvals, clothing and fragrance company Thierry Mugler released a 15-piece perfume coffret titled "The Perfumes of Perfume". The scents and perfumes were a collaboration between Thierry Mugler's Vera Struebi and Pierre Aulas and International Flavors & Fragrances' Christophe Laudamiel and Christoph Hornetz.[30] Laudamiel read the novel in 1994 and began recreating odors from it in 2000; Hornetz joined the project in 2002.[31] Marion Bendeth, a Canadian fragrance writer, received a Canadian FIFi Award (2007) for her article and interview of the two perfumers describing the creations of the scents. 14 of the fragrances were inspired by the novel and film, the 15th works as a fragrance enhancer but can also be worn on its own. The smells, scents and perfumes include Paris in 1738, a virgin's navel and skin with her mirabelle plums Virgn N1, a baby's skin Baby and a raw leather, clean, out of the tannery: Atelier Grimal. Scent Ermite, recreating the inside of a Plomb-du-Cantal cave, is also present (Laudamiel is from exactly the same Auvergne region and knows the mountain massif); "Salon Rouge" however, representing Grenouille's purple salon dreams as he retreats seven years in that cave, is present in the coffret but the corresponding passage from the book has not been interpreted in the movie. The coffret was released as a limited edition of 1,300 sets which sold for US$700 each; all 1,300 sets were sold.[32] The coffret was ranked by US Vogue magazine as one of the top 25 Beauty haves to have from 2006 (January 2007 edition) although some of the scents are not for cosmetic use.

[edit] Box office

The film was a financial success, especially in Europe, earning $135,039,943 worldwide.[33] It opened in Germany on September 14, 2006 and was number one on the box office charts in its first three weeks.[34] The film made $9.7 million in its opening weekend[35] and an estimated 1.04 million people saw the film in its first four days of release in Germany.[36] The film ended up selling over five million tickets[37] and grossed $53,125,663,[38] the highest German gross for a dramatic film.[39] The film's strong performance in Germany was attributed in part to a large marketing campaign and numerous premieres throughout the country.[36]
By comparison, the film performed poorly in North America. The film had a three-theater limited release on December 27, 2006 before being expanded to 280 theaters on January 5, 2007.[40][41] The film completed its theatrical run in North America on March 1, 2007, taking in a modest $2,223,293 overall.[33] Roger Ebert attributes its poor US box office performance to the film "getting lost in the Christmas rush."[42]

[edit] Home media

The film was released on DVD (in three configurations) and HD DVD in Germany by Highlight on March 15, 2007. The standard edition DVD and the HD DVD contain the film and three audio commentary tracks — one by Tykwer, one by production designer Uli Hanisch and his assistant Kai Karla Koch, and one by Griebe and editor Alexander Berner.[43] The two-disc special edition DVD's extra features include the same audio commentary tracks as on the standard edition, a making-of, interviews with the cast and crew, and six featurettes.[44] The DVD was also released in a numbered, limited edition "Fascination of Smell" configuration which came in a wooden box containing five small bottles of the Thierry Mugler perfumes in addition to the same DVD material as the special edition DVD. Only 7,777 units were available and it was sold exclusively by Müller.[45][46] A Blu-ray Disc version of the film, which contained the same extra features as the special edition DVD, was released on November 8, 2007.[47] The DVD sold 300,000 units in its first 14 days of release in Germany and sold 600,000 units by May 22, 2007.[48] As of May 15, 2009, 1.15 million DVD and Blu-ray units of the film have been sold in the country.[49] In the United States, 387,520 DVD units have been sold as of the latest figures, translating to $7,547,755 in revenue.[50]

[edit] Reception

[edit] Critical response

The film divided critics. Based on 121 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an overall approval rating from critics of 58%, with an average score of 6.2/10.[51] Among Rotten Tomatoes' Cream of the Crop, which consists of popular and notable critics from the top newspapers, websites, television, and radio programmes, the film holds an overall approval rating of 44%.[52] Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 56 based on 30 reviews.[53]
The Hollywood Reporter's Bernard Besserglik described the film as a "visually lush, fast-moving story", stating as well that the director "has a sure sense of spectacle and, despite its faults, the movie maintains its queasy grip".[54] Dan Jolin of Empire gave the film four out of five stars and said "The odd conclusion renders it somewhat oblique, but Perfume is a feast for the senses. Smell it with your eyes..."[55] A. O. Scott of The New York Times gave the film a negative review, saying "Try as it might to be refined and provocative, Perfume: The Story of a Murderer never rises above the pedestrian creepiness of its conceit." Scott also said that Whishaw "does not quite manage to make Grenouille either a victim worthy of pity or a fascinating monster. [...] In the film he comes across as dull, dour and repellent."[56]
James Berardinelli of Reelviews.net gave the film two and a half out of four stars, saying "There's a mesmerizing appeal to the director's in-your-face style, even if the images he displays are often repugnant. Unfortunately, Tykwer is working with a flawed screenplay and even the most arresting visuals cannot compensate for the movie's schizophrenic story."[57] Roger Ebert gave the film four out of four stars and wrote "It took imagination to tell it, courage to film it, thought to act it, and from the audience it requires a brave curiosity about the peculiarity of obsession."[58] Ebert later named Perfume as "the most underappreciated movie of the year."[42]
Boyd van Hoeij of European-Films.net said "Tykwer's sane decision to prefer traditional craftsmanship over computer-generated imagery and a highly intelligent screenplay that hews very close to the spirit of the novel put Perfume way ahead of its competitors." Van Hoeij later named Perfume: The Story of a Murderer one of the ten Best Films of 2006.[59] Variety's Derek Elley said the film was an "extremely faithful" adaptation, but felt the film was slightly too long and "more liberties should have been taken to make the novel work on the screen."[60]
Reviews of the cast were mixed. Whishaw's performance was praised by many critics.[55][60][61] Boyd van Hoeij said Whishaw was "a revelation in a very difficult role that is mostly mute and certainly ugly."[59] The San Francisco Chronicle's Mick LaSalle said "Whishaw succeeds in making the repulsive protagonist thoroughly repulsive, which is probably a testimony to his acting ability."[62] The casting of Dustin Hoffman as Baldini was criticized by several critics.[57][60][63][64][65] The Los Angeles Times' Carina Chocano called his performance "disconcertingly kitsch and over the top."[66] Rickman's performance as Richis was also well received.[57][62][64][65]

[edit] Accolades

Perfume: The Story of a Murderer was nominated for five Saturn Awards at the 33rd Saturn Awards — Best Action/Adventure/Thriller Film, Best Director (Tom Tykwer), Best Writing (Andrew Birkin, Bernd Eichinger, Tom Tykwer), Best Supporting Actress (Rachel Hurd-Wood) and Best Music (Tom Tykwer, Johnny Klimek, Reinhold Heil).[67] At the 2007 European Film Awards, Frank Griebe won the award for Best Cinematographer and Uli Hanisch won the European Film Academy Prix d'Excellence for his production design work.[68] The film also received nominations in the People's Choice Award, Best Actor (Ben Whishaw) and Best Composer (Tykwer, Klimek, Heil) categories.[69] At the 2007 Germany Film Awards, the film won the Silver Best Feature Film award and the awards for Best Cinematography, Best Costume Design, Best Editing, Best Production Design and Best Sound.[70] It also received nominations for Best Direction and Best Film Score.[71] At the 2007 Bavarian Film Awards, Tykwer and Hanisch won awards for Best Director and Best Production Design categories, respectively.[72]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "PERFUME - THE STORY OF A MURDERER (15)". British Board of Film Classification. 2006-09-04. http://www.bbfc.co.uk/AFV223345/. Retrieved 2012-11-22.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Production Notes" (RTF) (Press release). Pathé Distribution. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lw6dP2bD. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Applebaum, Stephen (December 29, 2006). "'Perfume': How a director filmed the unfilmable novel". The Independent (London). Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lw4VmYEo. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  4. ^ Beier, Lars-Olav (May 2, 2010). "Germany's Most Famous Producer Gets Little Love at Home". Der Spiegel. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vDDy9JbP. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  5. ^ Jenny, Urs (August 9, 2006). "Perfume the Film: Worth the Wait?". Der Spiegel. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lwce2ilU. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  6. ^ a b Blair, Iain. Altman, Randi. ed. "Tom Tykwer: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer". Post (COP Communications) (January 2007). http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HNN/is_1_22/ai_n27144130/. Retrieved December 11, 2009.[dead link]
  7. ^ a b Brooks, Brian (January 2, 2007). "indieWIRE Interview: Tom Tykwer, Director of 'Perfume: The Story of a Murderer'". indieWire. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxlEndlw. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  8. ^ a b c Murray, Rebecca (November 2006). "Exclusive Interview with Filmmaker Tom Tykwer". About.com. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxn4V0ee. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  9. ^ Elley, Derek (October 4, 2006). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Review". Variety. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxXH4YSg. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  10. ^ "Förderentscheidungen: Deutsch-Französisches-Abkommen (2005) [Funding Decisions: German-French Agreement (2005)]" (in German). German Federal Film Board (FFA). 2005. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vD1HS96B. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  11. ^ "Co-production support – Year 2005". Council of Europe. April 10, 2006. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vD1RZEis. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  12. ^ "Förderentscheidungen: Medialeistungen (2006) [Funding Decisions: Media Services (2006)]" (in German). German Federal Film Board (FFA). 2006. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vD44bFQr. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  13. ^ a b "Ausgabe 1/07 vom 07. Februar 2007 [Issue 1/07 of 7 February 2007]" (in German) (Press release). German Federal Film Board (FFA). February 7, 2007. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vD20JDMB. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  14. ^ a b "Jahresbericht FFF Bayern 2006 [Annual Report FFF Bavaria 2006]" (in German) (Press release). FilmFernsehFonds Bayern. 2006. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vD2KwwRc. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  15. ^ Meza, Ed (October 6, 2005). "Fund flap takes turn". Daily Variety (289.4): 1.
  16. ^ Roxborough, Scott (October 6, 2005). "VIP fund's Schmid taken into custody". The Hollywood Reporter (e5 Global Media) (391.13): 1. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001260702. Retrieved June 29, 2010.[dead link]
  17. ^ a b Roxborough, Scott (October 20, 2006). "On the scent: prosecutor probes 'Perfume' books: VIP's Schmid investigation's target". The Hollywood Reporter (e5 Global Media) (396.33): 14.
  18. ^ Meza, Ed (October 26, 2009). "Germany's VIP prisoner". Variety (Reed Business Information) (416.11): 53.
  19. ^ "VIP duo guilty of tax evasion". The Hollywood Reporter (e5 Global Media) (402.12): 2. November 14, 2007.
  20. ^ a b Pauli, Harald (October 10, 2005). "Essenz eines Erfolgs [The Essence of Success]" (in German). Focus. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxbpEbj7. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Holben, Jay (February 2007). "Deadly Scent". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxEEjCTZ. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  22. ^ a b Murray, Rebecca (November 2006). "Exclusive Interview with Filmmaker Tom Tykwer". About.com. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5m2DFUCV2. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  23. ^ Holben, Jay (February 2007). "Deadly Scent". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxEEjCTZ. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  24. ^ a b c d Blair, Iain. Altman, Randi. ed. "Tom Tykwer: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer". Post (COP Communications) (January 2007). http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HNN/is_1_22/ai_n27144130/pg_2/. Retrieved December 11, 2009.[dead link]
  25. ^ Blair, Iain. Altman, Randi. ed. "Tom Tykwer: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer". Post (COP Communications) (January 2007). http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HNN/is_1_22/ai_n27144130/pg_3/. Retrieved December 11, 2009.[dead link]
  26. ^ a b Holben, Jay (February 2007). "Deadly Scent". American Cinematographer. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxKU6TwC. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  27. ^ Jarrett, George. Altman, Randi. ed. "UPP for film work". Post (COP Communications) (January 2007). http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HNN/is_1_22/ai_n27144145/. Retrieved December 11, 2009.[dead link]
  28. ^ Cowie, Peter. "Sound Direction: Tom Tykwer". Dolby Laboratories. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lxnwW0K7. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  29. ^ Prokopy, Steve (January 2, 2007). "Capone rubs Tom Tykwer down with animal fat and tries to extract his Perfume!!!". Ain't It Cool News. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5m2B27pBx. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  30. ^ "Le Parfum - Thierry Mugler: An olfactory trio". Thierry Mugler. Archived from the original on September 25, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070925091636/http://www.perfume.thierrymugler.com/us/. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  31. ^ Bendeth, Marian (January 17, 2007). "Interview with Les Christophs': Christophe Laudamiel and Christoph Hornetz: Perfumers of Le Coffret". Basenotes. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKVgdoK5. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  32. ^ Za, Wong Li (March 29, 2007). "Scents of a novel". The Star. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKc5tA4B. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  33. ^ a b "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006)". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=perfume.htm. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  34. ^ Meza, Ed (December 11, 2006). "Teuton titles triumph at B.O.". Variety (Reed Business Information) (405.4): 18.
  35. ^ Mohr, Ian (September 24, 2006). "Italy opening propels 'Pirates' back to top". Variety (Reed Business Information). http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117950592.html?categoryid=19&cs=1. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  36. ^ a b Meza, Ed (September 18, 2006). "'Perfume' attracts 1.04 mil in four days". Variety (Reed Business Information). http://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=story&articleID=VR1117950280&cs=1. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  37. ^ Roxborough, Scott (October 31, 2006). "Home cooking for German B.O.". The Hollywood Reporter (e5 Global Media) (396.40): 76.
  38. ^ "Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (2006) - International Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. December 7, 2008. Archived from the original on June 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qqHTGgXZ. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  39. ^ Bresnan, Conor (March 16, 2007). "Around the World Roundup: 2006 Review". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on June 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qqHPhhgp. Retrieved June 29, 2010.
  40. ^ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006) - Daily Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=daily&id=perfume.htm. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  41. ^ "'Museum' extends its No. 1 run with $24 million". The Hollywood Reporter (e5 Global Media). http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3i5b2bddf1415bc8d73b782c99594df64a. Retrieved December 28, 2010.[dead link]
  42. ^ a b Zeitchik, Steven (April 30, 2007). "Critic's thumbprint all over fest". Daily Variety.
  43. ^ Walch, Danny (2007). "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer]" (in German). DigitalVD. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKoWjIMn. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  44. ^ Kampfert, Marcus (2007). "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders - Premium Edition" (in German). DigitalVD. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKoIJMft. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  45. ^ Brenner, Frank (2007). "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders - Exklusive Duft Edition DVD [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer - Exclusive Fragrance Edition DVD]" (in German). DigitalVD. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKo5h6zb. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  46. ^ "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders (Duft Edition, 2 DVDs, exklusiv bei Müller) [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (Fragrance Edition, 2 DVDs, exclusive to Müller)]" (in German). Mediabiz.de. 2007. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKnrjqK9. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  47. ^ "Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders (Blu-ray Disc) [Perfume - The Story of a Murderer (Blu-ray Disc)]" (in German). Mediabiz.de. 2007. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKniHDK5. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  48. ^ "'Das Parfum' großer DVD-Erfolg für Constantin ['Perfume' great DVD-success for Constantin]" (in German). Mediabiz.de. May 22, 2007. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKswdSEI. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  49. ^ "'Das Parfüm' ist ein Millionenseller ['Perfume' is a million seller]" (in German). Mediabiz.de. May 15, 2009. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKt7XtuC. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  50. ^ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer - DVD Sales". The Numbers. Nash Information Services. Archived from the original on December 29, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vKtnTogZ. Retrieved December 29, 2010.
  51. ^ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006)". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/perfume_the_story_of_a_murderer/. Retrieved August 8, 2010.
  52. ^ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006) (Cream of the Crop)". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/perfume_the_story_of_a_murderer/?critic=creamcrop. Retrieved August 8, 2010.
  53. ^ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer reviews". Metacritic. http://www.metacritic.com/film/titles/perfumethestoryofamurderer. Retrieved August 8, 2010.
  54. ^ Besserglik, Bernard (October 19, 2006). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Review". The Hollywood Reporter. http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/film/reviews/article_display.jsp?&rid=560. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  55. ^ a b Jolin, Dan (2007). "Review of Perfume: The Story Of A Murderer". Empire (Bauer Media Group). Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qp3L9ei3. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  56. ^ Scott, A. O. (December 27, 2006). "The Sweet Smell of Life That Drives Him to Kill". The New York Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/2006/12/27/movies/27perf.html. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  57. ^ a b c Berardinelli, James. "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer review". Reelviews. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qp4Wq3We. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  58. ^ Ebert, Roger (January 5, 2007). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer Review". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5lw3V5LrH. Retrieved December 11, 2009.
  59. ^ a b Hoeij, Boyd van (September 17, 2006). "Review: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (Das Parfum - Die Geschichte eines Mörders)". european-films.net. Archived from the original on June 21, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080621075901/http://european-films.net/content/view/397/57/. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  60. ^ a b c Elley, Derek (October 4, 2006). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer review". Variety (Reed Business Information). http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117931761.html?categoryid=31&cs=1. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  61. ^ Schwarzbaum, Lisa (January 3, 2007). "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer review". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qpFqcWrM. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  62. ^ a b LaSalle, Mick (January 5, 2007). "'Perfume: The Story of a Murderer' review". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qpG7jAQk. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  63. ^ Lumenick, Lou (December 27, 2006). "What He Nose Can Kill You". New York Post. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qpGR5gPs. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  64. ^ a b Puig, Claudia (December 26, 2006). "'Perfume' gets under your skin". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qpGb7w2y. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  65. ^ a b Levy, Emanuel. "Perfume: The Story of a Murder review". emanuellevy.com. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qpGzqpzU. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  66. ^ Chocano, Carina (December 27, 2006). "'Perfume: The Story of a Murderer' - Movie Review". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on June 28, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5qpGlDn0W. Retrieved June 28, 2010.
  67. ^ "The 33rd Annual Saturn Awards Nominations". Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films. 2007. Archived from the original on April 29, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070429191148/http://www.saturnawards.org/nominations.html. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
  68. ^ "European Film Awards 2007: The Winners". European Film Academy. 2007. Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vC1QwIcJ. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  69. ^ "European Film Awards 2007: The Nominations". European Film Academy. 2007. Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vC1TMC9g. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  70. ^ "Nominierungen 2007" (in German). Deutsche Filmakademie. 2007. Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vC2khEA0. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  71. ^ "Preisträger 2007" (in German). Deutsche Filmakademie. 2007. Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5vC2pN8vy. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  72. ^ "Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (2006) - Awards". Internet Movie Database. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0396171/awards. Retrieved December 23, 2010.

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Perfume: The Story of a Murderer

投稿者 時刻:

0 件のコメント:

コメントを投稿

登録: コメントの投稿 (Atom)