ドイツの頭脳集団は、スペインの財政赤字はかなり重症で、財政削減努力は、苦痛に満ちて、長く続くと警告。
Un ‘think tank’ avisa de que España tiene por delante el mayor ajuste fiscal del euro
Uno de los principales centros de investigación alemán limita al 0,5% el avance del PIB para 2014
La recuperación económica será "lenta y dolorosa", según uno de los autores del informe CESifo
"España tiene un problema de deuda mayor de lo que parece"
Alejandro Bolaños Madrid 5 MAR 2014 - 19:11 CET
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A think tank warns that Spain faces the biggest euro fiscal adjustment
One of the major German research centers limited to 0.5% GDP growth for 2014
The economic recovery will be "slow and painful" as one of the authors of the report CESifo
"Spain has a problem with more debt than it looks"
Alejandro Bolaños Madrid 5 MAR 2014 - 19:11 CET
The risk premium on Spanish public debt down ( the spread over German bonds is 175 basis points) at levels of four years ago. In 2013 it was closer than ever to meet the crisis of the (smoothing ) public deficit target ( 6.5% of GDP). And every business forum is a chance to celebrate the start of the economic recovery . In this scenario , the annual report of CESifo , influential German think tank based at the University of Munich, on the European economy is a sharp counterpoint. Its forecast for Spain is much less rosy than other private analysts and international organizations . And above all , as emphasized Wednesday Akos Valentinyi professor at Cardiff University and president of the group of researchers who wrote the report , says that lie ahead "slow and painful " adjustments .
Among these adjustments, stresses the estimates made by the authors of the report , presented at the Madrid headquarters of the BBVA Foundation - the gap between revenues and expenditures that still lie ahead and the Spanish economy as it hinders the stabilization of the public debt, in rapid ascent in recent years ( in six years has risen from 36% of GDP to be around 95 %). According to the accounts of the advisory group CESifo , austerity measures promoted between 2009 and 2012 did little to reduce at least one-third of the primary deficit ( excluding interest payments on debt ) , adjusted for extraordinary business cycle effects (in this case the crisis) in public expenditure and revenue .
In comparing the adjusted primary deficit to GDP potential ( one that would reach an economy if the factors of production will be used to the maximum sustainable level in the long term ) , Spain would have ended 2012 with the highest deviation (5.2% of potential GDP ) in the euro zone , ahead of Ireland ( 3.8%) and Cyprus ( 3.2%). Only Greece, among the peripheral countries , after a brutal adjustment with serious implications for the economy and employment, have recovered a balanced budget. And there would be very close to achieving the surplus that would allow stabilize public debt , something that Ireland, Spain and Portugal are still very far from achieving , as calculated by CESifo .
Researchers believe that wage devaluation is necessary to regain competitiveness
" Austerity has had negative effects , that is innegalble , but not so relevant in the evolution of GDP , with the exception of Greece ," said Valentinyi , who also said that "austerity makes the necessary adjustments in the peripheral economies to recover lost competitiveness . " The think tank argues that the loss of competitiveness associated with the boom of the pre -crisis domestic demand in these countries and the increase in prices and costs relative to the euro core countries (Germany and France) explains why this crisis is so difficult resolve , having to now drain high debt levels with very little growth .
Professor at the University of Cardiff admitted that austerity has itself had a remarkable effect on job destruction , but related to the rigidities of labor markets in these countries and other adjustments, the derivative relocate many workers now unemployed who were previously in low value-added sectors such as construction , to other activities . To CESifo wage devaluation is necessary to speed up these settings. "These are market signals that direct this process , intervene now with wage increases in the public sector , for example , would not be appropriate ," said Valentinyi when pressed on whether wages in Spain should start growing.
Consistent with this perspective of " slow and painful " adjustments , CESifo predicts a very slow recovery for Spain this year. The German think tank predicts the Spanish economy will grow only 0.5 % this year (half the new government forecast or Brussels ) , the unemployment rate will not drop from 26.5 % (when the Executive Rajoy believed to end in 25% ) and that prices will not increase .
The report also analyzes CESifo European banking union , now the last party resolution mechanism in trouble, and that you have to take a walk with the stress tests and review of the quality of bank assets . Another of the report's authors, John Driffill , Professor of the University of London , concluded that the banking union "can work " but warned that the resolution fund should provide banking ten years ( up to 55,000 million euros) is " too small " . And that is whether the European Stability Mechanism ( half a trillion euros) is used as a firewall . " As it stands , the system can be invoked to liquidate a large bank , but not to deal with a systemic financial crisis in 2008 ," concluded Driffill .
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