EUと米国は、ロシアでの欧州のエネルギー依存性を低減する方法を模索しています
UE EEUU
La UE y EEUU buscan vías para reducir la dependencia energética europea de Rusia
EFE Economía Bruselas 1 ABR 2014 - 12:38 CET
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EU USA
The EU and U.S. are looking for ways to reduce Europe's energy dependence on Russia
Economy Brussels EFE 1 ABR 2014 - 12:38 CET
The European Union ( EU) and the United States celebrate tomorrow the fifth board of Energy , which will explore ways to reduce Europe's energy dependence on Russia , after President Barack Obama apuntase optionally exports of U.S. natural gas to Europe .
This meeting is part of the so-called " Council of Energy between the U.S. and the EU", a forum created to strengthen cooperation and promote energy security , and was already established prior to the crisis in Ukraine, told Efe community sources .
The EU will be represented at the meeting by the head of diplomacy , Catherine Ashton and European Commissioner for Energy , Günther Oettinger , while the U.S. side attended by the Secretary of State , John Kerry , and Deputy Secretary of Energy Daniel Poneman .
It is expected that both parties sign a joint statement after the meeting .
The diversification of gas supply sources and transit routes into the EU has been since the 2009 crisis , which left unheated in winter several Member States by a commercial dispute between Russia and Ukraine , one of the challenges that marked the Twenty-eight and is still pending.
Last week, during his visit to Brussels, Obama said that once the trade agreement the EU and country trading is completed , " export licenses for U.S. liquefied natural gas to Europe will be much easier ."
The goal of search diversification has regained importance following the crisis between Ukraine and Russia.
The increase could ultimately affect the EU, which buys 30 % of the gas imported from Russia and receives most of the flow through the pipeline through Ukraine.
In addition to the supply of gas to the EU reaches him in Russia ( 30 % ), also acquired Norway ( 28%) , Algeria ( 13%) and Qatar ( 11%).
The transit country for most of the gas that Russia sends to the EU is Ukraine, which today has to pay 40 % more for the flow of Moscow ( 385.5 U.S. dollars per thousand cubic meters of gas , compared with before paying $ 268.5 ) .
This price increase occurs as a direct result of the crisis in Crimea and Ukraine closer to the EU.
In the new EU rethink on energy also weigh the potential impact on the economy of the twenty-eight may have any new trade sanctions against Moscow if Russia does not act to reduce tensions in the region.
Community sources said today that a study carried out by the EC still has assessed the impact on the economy of the European Union would have to impose a new round of trade sanctions on Russia.
"50% of EU exports are aimed at Russia," recalled EU sources, who warned that " any trade sanctions could eventually lead to a reduction of 1% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP ) in ten Member States , and 0.5 % on average for the whole Union . "
The most affected by the possible punishment for Russia would be economies of Cyprus , Latvia , Lithuania , Estonia , Poland and Finland, according to sources, because of their greater exposure or dependence on Russian energy sector, from which almost all imports of gas and especially oil .
The EU imports from Russia, and Russian oil and gas , uranium as nuclear fuel processing .
At present, Russia is the largest supplier of oil to the European Union , which sells 35% of its imports , which in the case of Germany, Belgium , Bulgaria , Finland , Czech Republic, Croatia , Lithuania , Hungary , Poland, Sweden and Slovenia , reaches 40% , sources said .
The EU executive ruled out, however, that the situation will have a "short-term " impact on the supply of gas to the EU , as Veintiocho have right now with reserves of 40,000 million cubic meters and not extreme cold expected in the coming months .
The levels of gas reserves in European countries varies, and so according to EU sources, partners who are heavily dependent on Russian gas as Bulgaria, Hungary and the Czech Republic have one month of reserves and Slovakia two months, but others such as Greece and Romania do not have these "stocks" .
The sources also said that current oil reserves in the European Union countries " are equivalent to seven months of Russian imports " and moved to a hypothetical Russian oil embargo would be a setback for the European economy as oil prices increase.
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