スペインのInditex(Zara,) Mango,Camper(靴),Pronovias,Desigualなどの服飾業界は、輸出を2008年より2013年は47%増加し19'438'000'000ユーロ(194億3800万ユーロ)に。80%を世界に輸出。
El mundo se viste de España
Las exportaciones de moda crecen el 47% desde el inicio de la crisis
Firmas como Inditex o Camper venden 8 de cada 10 euros fuera
Valoraciones en cotas del lujo
Cristina Delgado Madrid 23 MAR 2014 - 00:48 CET
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The world wears Spain
Fashion exports grow 47% since the start of the crisis
Inditex brands like Camper or sell 8 out of 10 euros
Ratings at heights of luxury
Cristina Delgado Madrid 23 MAR 2014 - 00:48 CET
If the economic power of a country is measured by the presence of their companies in the main shopping streets in the world , Spain would have a seat in his own right in the G -8. In the center of Paris, New York or Shanghai can buy shirts Zara , Mango pants or Camper shoes. São Paulo Brides can wear dresses Pronovias . And the bold models hanging from the Desigual store hangers Cairo , Egypt. Spanish clothing chains have managed to spread like wild fire through the world in recession and consumption in Spain their accounts tally Chinese , French or American buyers . Since the beginning of the crisis the trade gap between exports and imports of the fashion industry has narrowed to the fullest because foreign sales have skyrocketed.
Companies textiles, clothing, footwear and other related apparel items exported in 2013 products and services worth 19.438 million euros. It is 47% more than in 2008, when the crisis had just made its appearance . Imports in the same period have also increased, but only 4% . As a result , the trade balance in this sector is now less than 800 million , compared to 6.229 million five years ago.
The fashion industry in Spain are shadows. While some clothing chains fight to languish or circumvent the dreaded bankruptcy ( as Candy or White) other , with international expansion effort , have managed to make the best positions on the world stage . A head 's Inditex, the world's largest textile giant . The Galician company , which opened its first store abroad in 1988 in Porto, is 26 years after more than 6,300 stores in 87 markets on five continents. In the last decade he has turned his back to their sources of business: while in 2004 , when she shops in 30 countries, Spain accounted for 46 % of its turnover last year his country of origin he contributed less than 20% of its 16.724 million euros in sales .
Mango is this company in other countries: has 109 stores
If the business of import and export of fashion industry in Spain Inditex will subtract the effect , in both cases the figures lose some zeros. Because one of the most characteristic strategies of this company is that , although mainly produces garments abroad, almost all passing through Spain , and from there , go overseas again . Ie , that Zara sweater that is manufactured at a plant in China, but sold at a store in Beijing before traveling to Arteixo (A Coruña) and Zaragoza , where the company has the logistical center of the mark .
Although Inditex is unbeatable in terms of turnover is concerned, if there is a company that has the further internationalization within your DNA that is Mango. It is present in 109 countries with 2,598 stores. In fiscal 2012 had a turnover of 1,691 million euros and only 16 % of this figure were sales in Spain . According to forward its chairman, Isak Andic , the goal is to triple the business in 5 years.
Cases of Inditex and Mango are extreme, for its huge volume. But although on a different scale , are not unique in Spain . Camper shoes are also sold more outside than inside. Began its expansion in Europe in 1992 , to Asia in 1996 and in 2002 came to America and Australia . Today 80 % of the turnover of this footwear brand , based in Palma de Mallorca and Family Fluxà property also comes from outside the Spanish borders. They have stores in over 30 countries and sells its products in 57 markets, including some enclaves as improbable as Vatican City or Martinique. According to its 2012 accounts , the latest delivered to Companies House , the company earned 6.8 million euros. Its turnover was 223 million euros.
The challenge , says one employer's sector , textile manufacturing is recovering
"In the fashion industry in Spain has been much innovation, including at the time of export ," said Francisco Aranda, executive director of the Fashion Federation Spain . On the dramatic increase in exports , believes the consumer crisis has had a lot to do . The companies have accelerated their expansion plans. " And that even though we are one of the countries with the highest number of small businesses . There are about 7,000 in the fashion industry , while we only have about 60 medium and seven great . But not even this has been an impediment to expanding abroad , "says Aranda. According to the Barometer of Fashion, Moda.es performs specialized publication , 45% of the turnover of the Spanish firms in this sector came in 2012 thanks to exports . Points out that study after Europe, Mexico , the U.S. , China and Russia are the markets that have more interest textile firms .
Although the crisis has accelerated the presence of Spanish outside shops, the internationalization process reaches much further back. That , says José Luis Nueno , professor of IESE Business School , has been another key to good health brands clothes off . " Spain has a strong textile tradition . Do not forget , " he says. Here was manufactured much of the apparel sold by foreign brands. And although the production is minimized , some companies were able to use the industry expertise to go to export brands and stores . The export has even managers. "Executives of the big names in Spanish fashion are increasingly in demand in the international market ," the firm Hays, British multinational selection of managers.
The decline of the internal market has accelerated expansion plans
A time to gain market share abroad , remember Nueno, open stores on miles of gold is not the only system . " Bumpy, for example , has managed to expand abroad well through multibrand shops and department stores, and its own stores ," explains . The international career of most chains starts in Portugal, for the ease of moving in the neighboring country. Then usually reach France. " And Mexico is for many El Dorado " recalls Nueno . First, because it is a gateway to the rest of Latin America . " But also because department stores play an important role ," he says . Departmental style of the English Court ( there are popular El Palacio de Hierro and Liverpool) Mexican stores allow you to try your hand marks a corner within the large area, groping his success, popularity and if they try to give the jump with stronger investments.
Skip to export to have stores is not always easy. "The lack of funding is one of the biggest challenges for small and medium companies that want to internationalize Spanish . It costs a lot of money , "says Aranda. Another challenge , he adds, is to make the textile manufacturing is not lost at all. "We should make an effort to relocation , otherwise , we will lose the added value . In the United States have launched a campaign to recover the textile industry with products made in the USA label again [ "Made in the USA again ."] We should work on that line , "advises Aranda.
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