スペインの武器輸出は、2009年は13億4652万0000ユーロ、2010年は11億2830万0000ユーロ、2011年は24億3131万0000ユーロ、2012年は19´6%減少して19億5350万0000ユーロに。民間軍事両用は235%増加して2億3410万0000ユーロに。
La exportación de armas cae un 20% en el primer año del PP
La venta de material de doble uso civil y militar sube el 235%
Miguel González Madrid 27 MAY 2013 - 00:02 CET
http://politica.elpais.com/politica/2013/05/26/actualidad/1369591026_373445.html
Arms exports fell by 20% in the first year of the CP
The sale of dual civilian and military use up 235%
Miguel González Madrid 27 MAY 2013 - 00:02 CET
Spanish arms exports fell in 2012, the first year the PP government, to 1953.5 million euros, 19.6% less than the previous year, while the dual-use materials (civil and military) grew one 235.5% and reached 234.1 million, according to the report submitted to Congress by the Secretary of State for Trade. The fall in sales of weapons is relative since 2012 ranks as the second best year in history, after the 2011 record, but expect the effect of the completion of large construction contracts warships, to be impeached over the medium term.
Venezuela, which two years ago was the best customer of the Spanish military industry (nearly 600 million), back to third place (182.4) to surrender the last patrol boats sold in 2005, and Norway (363 in 2011) is customer becomes a marginal (4.7 million), after completing the construction of their frigates. In 2012 it remained the largest naval operation: the sale of a ship to Australia for almost 500 million (thus placing the country as the first buyer of Spanish defense industry), but now Navantia lacks military contracts of this magnitude to take over.
The veto contracts with Bahrain, but ammunition ships 21 million
Multinational weapons programs (which generally do not involve a sale but co-manufacturing with other countries) add 387 million (almost 20% of total), to which must be added the military fuel purchase some allies, including Greece, which reached 145 million. Still, more than half of Spanish sales (55.2%) is directed to countries that do not belong to NATO or the EU. South America, Asia and the Arab world are its biggest markets.
In the second year of the Arab Spring, Spain exported arms worth more than 100 million to the Maghreb and the Middle East. Emphasize sales to Egypt (two transport planes and other material by 50.3 million), Saudi Arabia (spare parts and technical support for 21.3 tankers) and Bahrain (air defense ammunition, 40 mortars of less than 75 mm grenades gauge and 21.1).
Simultaneously, two licenses refused to send night-vision goggles, a monitoring system and a mobile turrets shooting for this Gulf kingdom has been suppressed where the Arab Spring, appealing to domestic instability. Also refused permission for a military transport plane was moved to the post-Gaddafi Libya to hold an exhibition.
Selling and refueling aircraft from Airbus Military, which totals 763 million, 39% of the total, represents the bulk of sales to Mexico (84.7 million), Poland (81.2), Indonesia (55.6 ), Kazakhstan (54.1) and Ghana (27.7 million).
Tunisia, pioneer of Arab Spring, bought riot gear
The dramatic increase of exports of dual-use material that does not compensate for the reduction in military sales, is explained by the greater diversification of markets following the sharp drop in exports to Iran due to the cascade of UN sanctions. Nevertheless, 13.3% of the total is being intended the Islamic republic, although all operations look very closely and two of them were banned by the risk of diversion of its nuclear program. Also vetoed shipments to Lebanon, Pakistan, Togo, India and China, although the latter is the third client (after the United States and Iran) of Spanish dual-use technology.
Riot gear sales also increased nearly fivefold, going from 746 655 to 3.5 million euros. With two traditional buyers (Peru and Venezuela), a new client, Tunisia, which last year imported for police tear devices worth over a million euros. The government banned the sale of hunting cartridges Belarus (embargoed EU) and Kosovo (whose independence is not recognized by Spain) and canceled export licenses for hunting ammunition Mali, become a failed state.
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