2012年は闇の報道人にとり、90人の報道記者が暗殺さる、48人の電網日誌記者が暗殺さる
El año más negro para la prensa
90 periodistas y 48 blogueros fueron asesinados en 2012
Rosario G. Gómez Madrid 7 FEB 2013 - 19:28 CET
The black year for press
90 journalists and 48 bloggers were killed in 2012
Rosario G. Gomez Madrid 7 FEB 2013 - 19:28 CET
It was the black year in history for press freedom. Never had registered the devastating figures showed 2012: 90 journalists and 48 netizens killed, jailed nearly 300 professionals and a flood of reporters exiled, threatened or censored. Reporters Without Borders (RSF) has painted a grim picture of the state of the press in the world, partly attributed to Syria splashing war, the chaos in Somalia and the violence of the Taliban in Pakistan. Although Brazil and Mexico also have large holes through which escapes the right to information, as the journalist Pepa Bueno said during the presentation of a report that shelled press freedom in the countries of the five continents and found that far to improve the situation in the world has worsened.
"It was a fateful year," said the president of the Spanish section of RSF, Malén Aznárez, who condemned the deadly attacks on the messengers, since they "have gone from being deliberately targeted victims occasional guerrilla, radical groups, drug traffickers or ranchers. " After the hopes raised during the Arab Spring, the nongovernmental organization perceives that the media have no laws embodied in favor of plurality. In Oman, for example, bloggers are persecuted for crimes of high treason, and Libya have flourished pamphlets. But the real "black hole" Africa is Somalia, with 18 journalists gunned down and beheaded by Islamist guerrillas or local clans.
The situation in Turkey is particularly disturbing: the regime attempts to launch a free press system (one of the requirements for entry into the EU) but, however, has 75 journalists in jail (one of them has been sentenced to life imprisonment for belonging to the Communist Party) and 125 are subject to various legal proceedings.
Nedim Sener, an investigative reporter for daily Milliyet, Istanbul, said that Turkey "is the world's largest prison" for journalists. He knows himself. Sener has spent a year in prison on charges of membership in a terrorist organization. Known investigative reporter and scourge of financial corruption, yesterday said his country is "world champion" in terms of imprisonment. "There are massive incarceration. Up to 200 journalists have entered the prison at some point in their lives and 37 have been linked to the Kurdish independence movement. " Sener believes that the Government has to separate "very large lines" the activity of journalists and terrorists. As an example of surrealism installed in his country, said judges terrorism laws applied to a banner that defended press freedom.
Exile in Spain lives the widow of Rwandan journalist Jean-Léonard Rugambage, murdered in 2010. Epiphanie Ndekerumkobwa yesterday offered a chilling testimony about the harassment he suffered for years. "Until someone fired three shots at the door of our home and fled in a car after the president's safety."
Reporters Without Borders also expressed concern about censorship on the Internet and by the pressures of the government to make major search engines like Google filter. Aznárez said that one in four users have access to a free Internet and William Echikson, a manager at Google, said that in 40 countries exercised censorship and information are screened or blocked. He said that Google has problems in some thirty countries and in Brazil, responsible for the company is in court accused "of being against democracy," according Echikson.
Spain, a country with no questions
The custom, increasingly widespread among politicians, not to accept questions in press conferences is a black spot in the state of journalism in Spain. "This is unacceptable, an indecency," he said yesterday Malén Aznárez. And even more so when those same politicians "are clothed with scenery of informants to look like press conferences."
The RSF report criticized Spain (which has gone three steps in the global ranking of press freedom, going from 39 to 36) for the reform initiated by the PP for the election of President of RTVE not require a qualified majority in Parliament. Aznárez recalled that this legislative change has led to the appointment at the head of the public television news "a person related to the ruling party." Pepa Bueno, who until last year was part of the staff of TVE, said the amendment is "a democratic regression", since the majorities are a guarantee of independence because they require consensus among the main political forces.
This NGO also regrets that Spain is the only EU country of over one million inhabitants that lacks a law on access to information. Aznárez recalled that the text that is currently pending in Parliament is below international standards and claimed that political parties and the Crown are not excluded from the standard but are also held accountable to citizens. "More than a transparency law," he said, "seems opacity".
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