中国は、アメリカ合衆国とは違う、強い欧州を期待
“China quiere una UE más fuerte e influyente, pero distinta de EE UU”
Cui Hongjian, director de Estudios Europeos en el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales de China, señala que Pekín quiere "aprender de Europa en materia de justicia social"
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ENTREVISTA. François Hollande, presidente de Francia
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TRIBUNA. Desde la otra orilla. E. KRAUZE
Jose Reinoso Pekín 17 OCT 2012 - 13:00 CET
"China wants a stronger EU and influential, but other than the U.S."
Cui Hongjian, director of European Studies at the Institute of International Studies in China, says Beijing wants to "learn from Europe's social justice"
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INTERVIEW. François Hollande, the French president
INTERVIEW. Carlos Slim, the Mexican magnate
INTERVIEW. Michael Bloomberg, Mayor of New York
INTERVIEW. Guido Mantega, Brazil's finance minister
TRIBUNE. From the other side. E. Krauze
Jose Reinoso Beijing 17 OCT 2012 - 13:00 CET
"In the past two years, relations between China and Europe have made great progress. Overall, they are good. We have no serious conflict, but has some problems as antidumping suits. But this is natural because Europe is a major strategic partner of China, "said Cui Hongjian, director of European Studies at the Institute of International Studies in China.
Cui, 42, speaks in a very functional small room at the headquarters of this school of thought (think tank), linked to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing. "The European Union (EU) and European countries are very important to China, not only in regard to trade but global affairs. Our relationship is systemic and comprehensive ".
Trade between China and the EU has quadrupled in the past 10 years, reaching 428,000 million euros in 2011. The European Union is the largest trading partner of China and its main export destination, while China is the second largest in Europe after the United States.
Cui said that one of the main points that China and Europe share is that they both want to have a "peaceful development." "When Europe poses a military intervention in any country, is to stop something, to get something," he says in reference to the United States. "We also share a multipolar vision of the world, but sometimes we have a different idea about this concept. For Europe, multipolarity means multilateralism. We still need to find common ground to address more practical issues like Syria and Iran difficult. "
Among the sticking points, mentions trade disputes, such as the recent anti-dumping investigation into Chinese solar panels, and human rights. Of these, however, says that "there are a big problem between China and Europe, but European politicians need to raise this issue in China frequently to respond to public opinion." "And I understand what the perception of Europeans on human rights because they are well educated."
Ensures that one most valued aspects of Europe is the Chinese experience in resolving historical differences, "making integration to overcome the problems left by the Second World War." He says that according to a recent survey by a university, over 70% of Chinese have a favorable image of Europe. "This is because we have no territorial disputes or major problems, and because the power of Europe's soft power. For most Chinese, Europe is a peaceful, beautiful and romantic. And Europeans have an attractive lifestyle. "
Cui said that in the past two years, however, the preference of the Chinese for Europe "has fallen a bit" for two reasons: the debt crisis - "wonder why Europeans do not argue much and take action" - and the existence of negative news about China and how in the last 10 years there has been no progress on issues such as the granting of market economy status and the lifting of the arms embargo, which Europe imposed after the violent repression of demonstrations of Tiananmen Square in 1989.
One of the difficulties faced by China in its dealings with Europe is managing relations at Union on the one hand, and with the Member States on the other, he says. "This raises suspicions sometimes, and some argue that China aims to create division in the EU. The last two years, China has increased very fast cooperation with Germany, and this has made some in Europe wonder where is the common European policy. China has also increased the relationship with Central European countries and it has also raised questions. "
Cui said that Beijing has done to save time because, he says, during this time, 90% of the subjects discussed in the EU has been on the debt crisis and China can not be expected to enhance its relations with other countries especially when its exports to Europe have fallen due to the crisis. "China has to do something to stop this decline in exports. In addition, there is a demand for these countries in this regard. "
He believes that the lack of a single head of decision in Europe is a difficulty China. "But also for Europe," he warns. However, it recognizes that the system has its advantages. "Sometimes this is good for China's diplomacy balances, have some relations with the EU and with other members to influence Brussels. But, I think, when you have one person to deal with China, it may be better because there will be more effective. The key is in what context it occurs. If Europe has a United States of Europe as a United States of America, with the intention of superpower and unilateralism will be bad because there may be more confrontations between the three great powers ".
Cui said that "China has to face many and varied challenges at the same time" and "take practical and fruitful relationship with Europe will be very useful to achieve stable economic growth." "In addition, mutual cooperation is good for the world, to curb the superpowers. We must work together to build a more balanced world in which the United States does not control everything. "
The researcher says that China has turned to Europe after a long time of looking to the United States. "In the past 30 years, China has achieved high economic growth, but this is no longer enough. China wants a stable and sustainable development for another 30 years, so now is a good time to learn from the European experience. We want economic growth, but we also need social justice. And this experience is in Europe. Maybe in the past 30 years, China learned too American. "
Cui said that "China wants to see is a stronger European Union, more powerful and more influential, but unlike the U.S., which never changes its ideals of being a soft power and to contribute to the world."
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