ブラジルの経済大臣の面談記事、ドイツの財政赤字削減の緊縮財政政策は、経済成長を弾圧し、経済不況を長引かせ,無謀な政策だ
“La estrategia definida por Alemania es temeraria”
El ministro de Economía de Brasil alerta de que las políticas europeas, de momento, no resuelven la cuestión de la recuperación económica
Vea el ESPECIAL EUROPA completo
ENTREVISTA. François Hollande, presidente de Francia
ENTREVISTA. Carlos Slim, magnate mexicano
ENTREVISTA. Michael Bloomberg, alcalde de Nueva York
ENTREVISTA. Cui Hongjian, analista chino
Desde la otra orilla. Por E. KRAUZE
Francho Barón / Nicolas Bourcier Brasilia 17 OCT 2012 - 13:00 CET
"The strategy is defined by Germany reckless"
The Brazilian finance minister warning that European policies, for now, do not resolve the issue of economic recovery
See full EUROPE SPECIAL
INTERVIEW. François Hollande, the French president
INTERVIEW. Carlos Slim, the Mexican magnate
INTERVIEW. Michael Bloomberg, Mayor of New York
INTERVIEW. Cui Hongjian, Chinese analyst
From the other side. By E. Krauze
Francho Baron / Nicolas Bourcier Brasilia 17 OCT 2012 - 13:00 CET
Guido Mantega (Genoa, 1949) is the only minister who continues uninterrupted in the core of the Government brasileñodesde over six years. Head of the Ministry of Economy, Executive strongman Dilma Rousseff and expert on international monetary policy, was one of the main players in the Brazilian economic miracle during the second term of Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2003-2011).
Question. He has just returned from London and Paris, what is your opinion on the measures used to combat the crisis?
Response. The crisis is not improving in Europe and markets remain in the red. The measures taken are limited to a written statement of intent that have not yet been implemented. We have not seen the purchase of debt by the European Central Bank. The EFSF was announced over a year ago and still not working. There remain serious problems in Greece and Spain, who has not asked their rescue in the European Council. I would add that the proposed solutions relate only to the most visible, ie the possibility that there is a crash in banking or debt refinancing. These measures may end market stress, but they will not resolve the core issue, which is the economic recovery.
From my contacts in European capitals have drawn you are working on a long-term solution. This strategy, defined mainly by Germany, is to carry out a first sanitation, reducing debt and cutting spending, and only then will assist countries in need. Therefore, we must ask whether it is politically feasible to tell people that wages will continue to fall and that the work still missing for the next two or three years. It seems a bold strategy because we are on the fourth year of crisis!
P. Would you say that Europe has not done the right questions to respond to this crisis?
R. The strategy is incomplete as it tries to solve the debt problem, and this makes sense, but lacks other Party to resume growth. For example, you could create a European investment fund to finance infrastructure.
P. Something as proposed by French President François Hollande?
R. Yes, but even with the proposal of Mr. Hollande, I see that this issue is being discussed. His proposal is a savings of 30,000 million euros, raise taxes and cut spending. Where is the investment program?
The European Development Bank proposed by Mr. Hollande already exists, but does not work. There is an urgent need to think of a strategy to shorten the crisis because time is running out. As John Maynard Keynes said, in the long run we are all dead.
P. If you put in place in the countries that are suffering, such as Spain, Portugal and Greece, do you find acceptable the attitude of Germany?
R. I think Germany is looking in one direction. Your proposal seems logical economic health in the face of German voters, who do not want to pay the bill or the lack of responsibility of other countries. However, the Germans also lost if Spanish banks fail. Berlin should be more flexible. Notice the Spanish and Portuguese governments, which are struggling hard. Germany should be more flexible when it comes to helping these governments, instead of giving them a knife to the neck.
What you need to do is restore confidence. And if not, remember the G20 Summit in London in 2009. What was your success? Working together and restore confidence. Calm returned, resumed investments and global industry took off again.
P. Does the spirit of cooperation among the states of G-20 has deteriorated since then?
R. I think in London we made a stronger collective work. The G-20 was very effective during the outbreak of the crisis in the U.S.. It is still the case of the European crisis. This is also because the EU is more autonomous in their decision making. The result is that Europe has not been able to tackle the problem from the beginning, in 2010, as recommended by the IMF.
P. So where are we now?
R. The 2012 is a lost year for Europe, this is a fact. Now the goal is to prevent further deterioration in the coming years. This action must be broader and its implementation to be much faster. I do not criticize the European Central Bank (ECB), but I think it should implement the agreed measures. Mario Draghi is a good leader and a reliable person, but we must not forget that the Federal Reserve (FED) acted immediately at the onset of the crisis in the U.S.. He knew better control the situation.
P. Last year you raised the possibility of granting, under IMF aid to Europe to help overcome the crisis. Is this proposal still stands?
R. The proposal remains on the table. But so far Europe has not fulfilled the conditions we have, as the launch of the European Stability Fund. Our idea is to disburse aid after European capitals have made their own investment. To do the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) decided to increase our contribution to the IMF by 80,000 million in the June Summit in Los Cabos, Mexico.
P. Many years have passed since the IMF will lend money to Brazil. Today the country is experiencing an economic stability. What Brazilian recipes could serve as an example to solve the European crisis?
R. I think that we are not able to give any lessons to Europe because we start from very different situations. Here we applied a combination of economic and fiscal policies. Sound fiscal policy is important to prevent the debt grows. At the same time, we have conducted a very powerful social policy that poverty remains a serious problem in Brazil, which is not the case in Europe.
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