2012年9月30日日曜日18:14 曇り/晴れ 最低気温;17ー19ºC、最高気温;22ー24ºC、BARCELONA
尖閣列島の領土問題をめぐる日本と中国の貿易経済関係が悪化して、世界は世界貿易に与える影響を心配
Todos pendientes de China y Japón
La disputa por unas islas fractura las relaciones económicas entre los dos países
Jose Reinoso Pekín 30 SEP 2012 - 00:00 CET
All China and Japan pending
The dispute over islands fracture economic relations between the two countries
Jose Reinoso Beijing 30 SEP 2012 - 00:00 CET
The recent anti-Japanese protests in China have dealt a blow to mutual economic relations, and although the demonstrations have ended, the damage is increasing. Toyota, Nissan and Suzuki have announced this week that it will cut production in China, because of the prospect of lower sales in the first automobile market in the world. The Japanese airline ANA has said that it canceled a total of 40,000 bookings until November. Some Japanese companies have denounced the imposition of tighter controls and delaying tactics in the Chinese customs, while others are reconsidering their long-term investments and are considering going to other countries. In Beijing, electronics stores and restaurants in Japan have suffered a sharp decline in business. Experts, however, believe that the crisis will lead to a trade war opened, because both countries have much to lose.
The protests erupted after the Sept. 11, the Japanese government nationalized three islands uninhabited Senkaku-an archipelago in the East China Sea called Diaoyu by Beijing, the Japanese bought from its owner. With the operation deactivated the plan, more sensitive, the governor of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara nationalist, to acquire and develop them for tourism. Beijing claims that the islands, which Japan controls since 1895, belongs centuries. The Senkaku-Diaoyu are next to major shipping lanes, are surrounded by rich fishing areas and gas offshore fields harboring untapped.
The Chinese demonstrations were sometimes violent. Attacks on factories, businesses and even Japanese citizens were carried out by nationalist groups, but any protest in China is closely guarded by the police, which has raised suspicions about the connivance of the authorities.
The fear of these incidents led to hundreds of companies and Japanese businesses to paralyze the activity for several days. The demonstrations ceased last week, but the economic impact of confrontation has deepened. Calls to boycott and the concern of some potential customers have when Japanese-brand cars some Chinese drivers were attacked during the protests, have affected sales, which has led manufacturers to cut production and advance the start stop strings to mark the Chinese National Day, October 1.
Major Japanese auto firms have reduced their production in China
Toyota plans to lower the rate of your plants even in October and November. Also affected the factory of its luxury brand Lexus in Kyushu, southern Japan. As a result, probably not reach the goal it set to sell one million cars in China this year, up from 900,000 last year. The adjustments are in addition to those applicable before the protests, due to lower overall demand in China, in an environment of economic slowdown. Nissan gets 25% of its net profit in China, Toyota, 21%, and Honda, 16%, according to Bank of America Merrill Lynch.
Japanese businessmen say it is too early to know the impact it will have long-term dispute, but suspect that, unlike the protests of 2010, when sales suffered during a month, now the effect will last longer, and many are considering moving their investments to more friendly countries like Thailand, Malaysia and Burma. "Before the incident of the Diaoyu there were signs that many Japanese companies were going from China to other countries in Southeast Asia and India. What happened now can speed up this process, "said Zhou Yongsheng, a professor of international relations at the Foreign Affairs University in Beijing.
Chinese entrepreneurs that do business with Japanese firms are also concerned. Almost half expected a negative effect on sales this year, although the 68% expected to be limited, a drop of 10% or less, according to a survey by Chief Executive China Online, a portal for executives with more than two million registered users.
Much is at stake for the second and third world economies. China is the largest trading partner of Japan, while Japan is the third in China, after the European Union and the United States. SMBC Nikko Securities estimates that if Japanese sales in China are totally paralyzed for a month, the revenue loss would amount to 1.5 trillion yen (14,900 million euros). Around 33,400 Japanese companies operating in China and Hong Kong on October 1, 2011. The 16% of companies with foreign capital in China are available in Japan, according to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010.
Experts rule out a trade war between the two countries
The meetings held by deputy ministers and foreign ministers of the two countries in Beijing and New York this week suggest that neither party wants the territorial dispute lead to a breakdown in relations. But equally harsh tone of Beijing, who called the purchase of the islands of "serious violation of the territorial integrity and sovereignty Chinese" portends that the issue is not settled.
The People's Daily, the official organ of the Chinese Communist Party warned during the days of the demonstrations that the Japanese economy could suffer severely for 10 or 20 years if China decides to impose sanctions in response to the conflict. China "has always been very cautious about the possibility of playing the economic card. But if the struggles continue on territorial integrity, if Japan continues its provocations, then China will fight, "he said.
The sanctions would be, however, a double-edged sword, given the interdependence of the two economies. So what has warned the prime minister of Japan, Yoshihiko Noda, in an interview in The Wall Street Journal. "China should be developed through foreign investment receiving (...). All you discouraged that he hurts himself. "
Many of the high-tech components that carry the products that China exports such as mobile phones, televisions and video cameras, are manufactured by Japanese companies, so that sanctions could rebound on their businesses. Hence, experts do not foresee major economic retaliation by Beijing, but that puts pressure on other areas, for example, customs barriers or visa, something that is already happening. "There will be no trade war. But trade friction may occur and supervision by the two countries, "says Zhou.
Yoshihiko Noda also said that damage the mutual economic ties could affect the world economy. Zhou disagrees. "I do not have impact on the economies of Asia and the world. Only affect certain level in China and Japan. "
Great figures
TRADE
"China is the largest export market for Japan since 2009. Captured almost 20% of total Japanese exports in 2011, compared with 7.7% in 2001.
"Japan is the third largest trade partner of China, after the European Union and the United States. Trade between the two countries increased by 11.7% last year to 345,000 million.
INVESTMENT
"Japan's direct investment in China reached 12.855 million dollars in 2011, 60% more than in 2010.
"China's direct investment in Japan fell to 114.4 million dollars, up from 354.8 million in the prior year.
尖閣列島の領土問題をめぐる日本と中国の貿易経済関係が悪化して、世界は世界貿易に与える影響を心配
すべての中国と日本は保留
島をめぐる紛争は、両国間の経済関係を骨折
ホセレイノーソ北京30 SEP 2012 - 00:00 CET
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