スペインの燻製豚肉は、地産の豚は成長が遅いが肉はおいしい
La raza más jugosa
Los ibéricos tardan más en engordar y dan menos carne que los cruzados, pero más sabrosa
Pata negra solo hay uno
La dehesa, un ecosistema de leyenda
Raquel Vidales Madrid 18 ENE 2014 - 18:33 CET
The juiciest race
The Iberian fat take longer and give less meat than the Crusaders, but tastier
There is just one black paw
The pasture ecosystem legend
Raquel Madrid Vidales 18 ENE 2014 - 18:33 CET
The value of a pure Iberian ham is in its juiciness. It is what a consumer expects when buying a black paw. But the taste is not coveted readily available. " A 100 % Iberian pig needs 16 months to live before you can submit to the pasture , while a 50% cross- sufficient 10 months. Moreover, as the pure has more fat , more calories need to fatten a cross , so their food before sending it to the pasture usually costs about 60 euros. Furthermore, equal weight produce less meat. For example , where a 160 kilos of pure Iberian ham gives you seven kilos , a crossover gives you an eight , "explains Francisco Asparagus , livestock and Seal manager Montanera Manor . " Moreover, the cigars are more sensitive to cold and die more easily. And cross females tend to have larger litters of eight or nine piglets , compared to six or seven that give purebred "he adds.
All this makes it much more profitable for a farmer to raise a pig crossed : requires less time and less money. And it explains why they have become so widespread huts crosses, to the detriment of purebreds. " But the difference is also noticeable on the palate. Cigars produce more fat and juicy hams is healthier , "says Asparagus . As reported by the Agriculture Minister Miguel Arias Cañete , during the presentation of the new quality standard Iberian between 2008 and 2012 the number of head slaughtered Iberian fell 70 % (from 517,000 to 143,000 ) , a more serious percentage still the case of pure Iberico , which decreased by 84 % (from 20000-3116 ) . The number of pure Iberian supposed slaughtered in 2012 only 6.2% of total Iberian % from 12.4 % in 2008.
Of the six varieties of Iberian pig , three are endangered
The Official Catalog of Livestock Breeds of Spain includes six varieties of pure Iberian pig : Entrepelado , deep purple , hairless , spotted Jabugo Torbiscal and Iberian (the latter the result of crossing any of the above). They all come from a common trunk and external differences are only the result of adaptation to different areas have been developed. There are three endangered species : spotted Jabugo (there are only 51 specimens counted ) Torbiscal ( 5,180 ) and hairless ( 1,898 ) . Instead , varieties Entrepelado ( 24,461 copies) , Iberian ( 29,252 ) and retinto ( 105,542 ) are expanding.
" The Iberian breed is very adapted to the meadow ecosystem . In this habitat has developed a very specific type of pig, with some characteristics of intramuscular fat, fiber color and very recognizable , "says Luis Silió , animal genetics researcher at the National Institute of Agricultural Technology . Among other things , this team is dedicated to designing breeding programs in Iberian pig populations and to detect genes that may have economic interest. They also conduct DNA testing to verify the breed of an animal. " They become very selectively , are not cheap , especially industrialists who want to export call and need to certify the product and sometimes some big distribution surfaces for quality control ," says Silió .
If the race is so tied to the pasture , would a businessman from Japan, where the Iberian products are highly valued , raising a cabin in your country? " It's not impossible . Initially soon be held , but gradually they would adapt to the new environment and could produce meat for consumption. Not the first time races take place in countries where they are not native , "says Manuel Luque , managing director of the Spanish Federation of Associations of Livestock Select . " Yes, the hams would be different . Although the race is the same , the means and the power would be different , and that would be noticeable in the final product . Do not know if it would be better or worse , but different . "
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