スペインでは長引く不況で、雇用喪失の六年、失業率は26%以上に
Seis años de destrucción de empleo
2013 se cierra con una caída de 198.900 puestos P El paro vuelve a superar el 26%
La población activa retrocede hasta el nivel de comienzos de la crisis
In English: Economy shed jobs for sixth year in a row in 2013
GRÁFICO Evolución del mercado laboral
Manuel V. Gómez Madrid 24 ENE 2014 - 00:00 CET
Six years of job losses
2013 closed with a fall of 198,900 positions P The strike again exceeds 26%
The active population has decreased to the level of the beginning of the crisis
In Inglés: Economy shed jobs for sixth year in a row in 2013
GRAPHIC Labour Market Trends
Manuel V. Gomez Madrid 24 ENE 2014 - 00:00 CET
Another bad year for the labor market. They go six straight . 2013 ended up destroying jobs , such as 2008 , 2009, 2010 ... They have been less than in the years preceding . The loss of 198,900 jobs in the past 12 months and accumulated 3.75 million still in this long recession in the Spanish labor market and returned the number of employed persons (16.7 million ) at the 2002 level. Although on this occasion there is some comfort in that the year has gone from worst to best and any signs of turnaround appreciated. When employment data are cleaned of seasonal effects , an increase of 0.29 % is appreciated. And temporary employment , which picks up at the exits before the crisis up about a year ago.
The flood of data which requires the Labour Force Survey (EPA ) disseminated Thursday by the National Statistics Institute ( INE) , probably the most confusing is the unemployment. Low, even compared to the end of 2012 , although employment is destroyed. In the final quarter of last year, there were 65,000 people unemployed less than in the same period last year. It was at 5,896,300 .
Clarifies this confusion the behavior of the active population. It fell again. Relegation to 267,900 in 2013. And he did it for the seventh consecutive quarter. The duration of the crisis is evident in the minds of the people, who tired of not finding a job , end up giving up ( so the INE longer count as unemployed ) or go out of Spain to try his luck .
moreThe youth unemployment rate exceeds 55% againSpain lost labor in 2013 at top speedCatalonia and Madrid, heads and tails of the labor marketJob destruction preys on the public sector
In total, the Spanish workforce sum 22.6 million workers. Recedes and the level of the first half of 2008 , right at the start of the crisis and shortly before arreciara with the strength printed the collapse of Lehman Brothers.
With these data, the unemployment rate ended the year at 26.03% . What the Secretary of State for Economy , Fernando Jiménez Latorre, rate remains " unacceptably high " unemployment.
In his public appearance , Jiménez Latorre used the seasonally adjusted employment data . He used to speak of " turnaround ." CEOE also used to say that " the labor market is stabilizing ." The figure is in line with the evolution of the Spanish economy in the fourth quarter of 2013 , according to estimates published by the Bank of Spain , grew 0.3 %.
Also seems to indicate that turnaround that each quarter of the year has progressed , it has been less bad than the last. So threw the first annual destruction of nearly 800,000 jobs and finished with a drop of about 200,000 . The poor performance of the first half of the year explains that the average balance at the end of the year is a drop of 532,100 jobs, the third worst in the time series , as highlighted CCOO .
Clean seasonality figures forward a turnaround
The INE out in its statement that the job losses , both quarterly and annually , are the lowest since 2008. In part, an explanation of this phenomenon is the march of precarious employment . Both part- time and temporary show positive behavior throughout the year. And this is a symptom of the " turnaround " spoken Jiménez Latorre.
It is customary for employment in Spain begins to recover from the temporary route. Now that's what happened in the failed recovery of 2010 and early 2011 . This is the first time after the second recession of this crisis that temporary employment has grown : it has in 81,300 .
This element must be added the flip part-time work , with the labor reform of 2012 has grown with more force than it did before. It is mostly seen in the monthly data contract , but is also seen in the EPA. In the last year there were 140,400 more part-time jobs , for a decline of 339,300 full-time.
The thrust of this job, the more precarious, with wage devaluation is what leads to good government - and - economists to conclude that less economic growth than usual so far ( about a 2% annually) Spain will create jobs and even reduce unemployment. The latter , according to what happened in the latter part of the year, you may already be at that.
Temporary and part-time employment grew over the previous year
The obverse of this phenomenon is the increase in underemployment . This concept includes those part-time workers who want full-time work but can not find and ended the year at 2.4 million hourly employees .
Under recent changes approved on the regulation of part-time employment , seeking to further stimulate this trend may continue. Given that the PSOE spokesman , Valeriano Gómez , struck by the potential danger by " dipping employment " because, in his opinion, may lead to a replacement of full-time work for part-time .
UGT also emphasized the thrust of precarious employment . "Not only employment has been destroyed , but there has been a deterioration in the quality of existing ," said the center . CCOO also put a spotlight on this point, by linking temporality, part- time and wage devaluation.
Consistent with major employers , Cepyme chose to highlight " the turnaround in the labor market." However, he took the opportunity to demand a reduction in contributions, in reference to the last increase approved by the Executive .
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