スペインの文化消費財の映画、博物館、美術館、画廊、演奏会、劇場、音楽祭、サーカスなどの付加価値税が8%から21%に大幅に値上げされて、文化産業は苦しい
El IVA cultural ya provoca víctimas
Un mes después de su entrada en vigor, la subida del impuesto del valor añadido en el sector de las artes lleva a algunos negocios a la inviabilidad económica
El hachazo de Hacienda cae sobre los símbolos de la cultura
La cultura, ante su peor momento
El País Madrid 4 OCT 2012 - 00:41 CET
Cultural VAT causes and victims
A month after its entry into force, the rise in value added tax in the arts sector leads some businesses to the economic infeasibility
The ax falls on Finance of culture symbols
The culture, at its worst
The Country Madrid 4 OCT 2012 - 00:41 CET
A month has passed since the entry into force which in some coteries of culture has been called the ivazo, namely the brutal rise-from 8% to 21%, except for the publishing industry-the value added tax in the activities of the cultural industry. Although in some cases it is early to draw definite consequences, it is clear, according to the testimonies, the sector, 4% of GDP in Spain, has been a contraction in economic activity. This, coupled with government cuts in the budgets of Culture, paints a worrying picture.
GALLERIES AND MUSEUMS: Arco, faced with the catastrophe
Increasing taxes on the art trade is living in the area as the final push toward the abyss. In the galleries the future prospects are so disturbing that industry representatives consider that, if during the next edition of Arc (from 13 to 17 February next) does not apply a reduced VAT rate to transactions, the result of the fair can be a real fiasco. Its director, Carlos Urroz, explains that there are precedents for this exception is made: something that took place during the early years of the show.
The study released Monday by the Foundation for Art and Patronage claimed that 50% of sales of Spanish galleries are performed during the show. "I'd rather not think about the possibility that there is no tax collection that parenthesis" Urroz explains, "because we need an injection of optimism, the mood on the floor not going anywhere."
The importance of talking mood Carles Taché. The prestigious gallery in Barcelona believes that there is an effect worse than the fact that sales to stagnate: the gloom that has settled in the minds of artists, curators and collectors. "There's a sense of bottomless pit. We fought all his life to defend the cultural and VAT is that, far from it, the whole culture has become a luxury item. But the real disaster we will see in the next edition of Arco. The foreign collectors here will not pay higher prices for works that can get in the European and American galleries. "
The veteran Helga de Alvear is aware that the time is bad for your industry (activity contracted by 33% in the last five years) and that the increase in VAT to 21% is "tragic." His current exhibition, Origins, includes twenty pieces of background from their gallery. Sells at the same price for which it acquired in the eighties and nineties, although their contribution is multiplied abroad there.
In the museum world, the effects are barely perceptible rise. The Malaga Picasso recognize a decline, but that is usual in September. Books and catalogs have sold well, but visitors have been less posters, postcards and T-shirts. Thyssen has not appreciated the drop in the results. A similar scenario offers the Prado, where do recognize they have had to adjust prices in the shops and cafeteria in order not to lose the profit margin. There is a museum that this month has been even better than in the previous year: the Dalí in Figueras. Despite being a private entity, maintaining the price of tickets, 12 euros and the visits have increased by 3% during the month of September from the same month in 2011.
FILM: The straw that broke the camel in a battered market
The film world waits for the end of 2012 to make assessments of the impact-negative-of the increase in VAT from 8% to 21%. There have been layoffs and closures of wards but because, as defined Fabra Juan Ramon Gomez, president of FECE, exhibitors federation cinemas in Spain, "the rise was the drop that filled the glass of a very touched." Josetxo Moreno, the distributor and theater exhibition Golem, predicts worst of times: "We can not do a scan with 30 days, you have to wait a bit for the reviews, because the weeks are very different depending on the premieres," he admits, "but is true that we do not stop the fall, which gradually disappear middle class films, everything is reduced to the blockbuster premieres and very, very small. "
In addition, this September has not been good: neither Wild, Oliver Stone with John Travolta and Benicio del Toro, or Kill Gently, with Brad Pitt, have thrown the box office as expected. Since the company Rentrak, announced that in September 2011, the film had 6,535,133 spectators in Spain, which left EUR 40,806,059 at the box office. In September this year the movies were 6,231,882 viewers, who left EUR 42,693,447 at the box office. Why the money goes? For the increase in VAT entries and inflation. "In 2004," says Gomez Fabra, "employers could have partly or completely absorb the VAT. Today, with the bad situation, we have to pass it in the post. "
Industry sources warn: this year there will be a premiere as Torrente 4, which reaches 19 million euros, the trend will not improve (up to the box office in late August 2012 had fallen by 10.5% and spectators September 1 , 5%) and in January 2013 the layoffs begin. As noted Gomez Fabra, "are making, the layoffs and closing facilities, it takes three or four months taken, but ...". Also continues to believe that when we get to September 2013, will mark their summer expectations: loss of 27.78 million viewers, 21% of screens closed and disappearance of 2,020 jobs. The crisis has an impact on an industry that could be considered, erroneously, anecdotal: selling popcorn. Many cinemas in higher revenue palomitón (the machine that makes popcorn maize) in ticket sales. "It has fallen even more than the box office. The more people tighten their belts and may pay the entrance, which has risen around two euros, but consumes more things, "says Gomez Fabra.
THEATRE: A drop of almost 30% in collection
"They have raised a much lower figure than they would have been if it had not raised VAT, what happened all producers and theater companies had told them would happen, but it is even more severe than predicted by us" . So many entrepreneurs were expressed yesterday shows and theater companies responsible, after seeing the disastrous consequences that the increase has taken to the world stage.
Sources FAETEDA (Federation of Business Associations of Theatre and Dance), which are integrated in one way or another scenic professionals worldwide, announced today the first figures that, according to them, portend disaster. The spectators in Barcelona fell by 28%, which means a drop of 167,000 to 120,000. The collection launches similar figures, and has fallen 30%, from 3,532,000 euros to 2,350,000 euros. The figures of Madrid, to be known accurately in a few days, are similar.
"Without a doubt the gravity is enormous, and shows that the studies were presented at the time government authorities fell short in its estimate of losses as a result of the rise", said the sources, who stressed that these data is easy to see that the intended increase of collection has become reduced, and the damage to the sector.
Large sections of the theater, including businessmen close to the PP, again ask the Government to reconsider the measure. "We notify that they would find the problem that took Holland last year, which also rose VAT outrageous and found that revenues fell from 30% to 40%, as here. They had to pull back because They collected much less. We appeal to the government's sensitivity: if the culture VAT back on around 10%, which represents a significant increase, it will raise a lot more, "said Jesus Cimarro yesterday, President of the Association of Producers and Theatres in Madrid .
CONCERTS AND FESTIVALS: Farewell to the international stars?
Most concert promoters say they are already feeling in his bones the rise in the levy. According to them, already affecting ticket sales of actions planned for the last quarter of 2012. "We passed on the rise and are selling fewer locations. In June 2012, the plan had closed, and this increase has busted us, "said Pepe Rodriguez, Galician I Wanna promoter. "We were caught in the middle of touring up, but we decided not to change prices, so the benefit is less. You'll never get rich, but a loss is directly boot unviable, "says Cristina Garcia of Barga, Heart Of Gold. Others choose to pass it only in part, but it also alleviates the situation: "In most of our concerts are not fully implemented, and we assume 50%, we are noticing," says Roberto Grima, of Live Nation.
While there is always an exception in this case the Basque company Last Tour International. "We do not see any symptoms in the early sale that causes us to believe that there has been what the VAT", say from the office just made the Festival Live in Rivas (Madrid) all paper sold 55,000 tickets, and that is behind the successful tours and Fito Extreme winter. Sure, even they recognize that this has only just begun. "Obviously, it is not ruled out that in the near future begin to resent some tours."
And for many, the future is already here. "We are seeing a direct impact on the deals to bring artists. Basically, and market logic that forces us to be cautious and keep ticket prices, the purchasing power of promoter compete face to offers from other countries is much lower. There have already been a couple of situations of groups that have had to resign for failing to make competitive offers, "said Grima.
If the largest and most powerful companies in Spain have these problems, imagine the rest. "Spain is a residual market for foreign artists. No caches will drop and we can not raise the price of tickets. The result of the equation is simple: stop coming groups ": that is the conviction Héctor Marcos Cesar, Group CEO More Galicia. In the case of Leonard Cohen performances in Barcelona (yesterday) and Madrid (tomorrow), Neo Lounge, Doctor Music, suggested that it is the first case in which they are noting: "In the last 15 days we have seen a withdrawal the public. "
Barnaby Harrod, Mercury Wheels, gives a concrete example. "I am negotiating a three-concert for a band than last time (in 2011) got 1,800 people in Madrid. I have had to offer about 13% less than the band cache to offset the rise. I understand that the group, which the U.S. is going to say that will not play in Spain in 2013. That is no longer viable, instead of this, will make three dates in France or Germany. With this supermedida the Government will get fewer gigs people out less ... and there will be less taxes collected. " And further, the apocalypse, or so says the director of I Wanna. "31% of each entry, including VAT and SGAE, we are going up in smoke. It'll carry a long time. They have to rectify. "
With information from: Angeles Garcia, Gregorio Belinchón, Rosana Torres and Iñigo López Palacios.
0 件のコメント:
コメントを投稿