Copyright c 2013 Open Society Foundations.
This publication is available as a pdf on the Open Society
Foundations website under a Creative Commons license
that allows copying and distributing the publication,
only in its entirety, as long as it is attributed to the
Open Society Foundations and used for noncommercial
educational or public policy purposes. Photographs may
not be used separately from the publication.
ISBN: 978-1-936133-75-8
Published by:
Open Society Foundations
400 West 59th Street
New York, New York 10019 USA
www.opensocietyfoundations.org
FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT:
Amrit Singh
Senior Legal Officer
National Security and Counterterrorism
Amrit.Singh@opensocietyfoundations.org
DESIGN AND LAYOUT BY:
Ahlgrim Design Group
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PHOTOGRAPHY:
Cover photo © Ron Haviv/VII
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND METHODOLOGY 4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
RECOMMENDATIONS 9
SECTION I: INTRODUCTION 11
SE CTION II: THE EVOLUTION OF CIA SECRET DETENTION AND 13
EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION OPERATIONS
Extraordinary Rendition 13
Secret Detention and “Enhanced Interrogation Techniques” 15
Current Policies and Practices 19
SE CTION III: INTERNATIONAL LEGAL STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO 22
CIA SECRET DETENTION AND EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION
Torture and Cruel, Inhuman, and Degrading Treatment 23
Transfer to Torture or Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment 25
Arbitrary Detention and Enforced Disappearance 26
Participation in Secret Detention and Extraordinary Rendition Operations 27
SE CTION IV: DETAINEES SUBJECTED TO POST-SEPTEMBER 11, 2001, 29
CIA SECRET DETENTION AND EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION
SE CTION V: FOREIGN GOVERNMENT PARTICIPATION IN 61
CIA SECRET DETENTION AND EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION
SECTION VI: CONCLUSION 119
ENDNOTES 120
4
GLOBALIZING TORTURE:
CIA SECRET DETENTION AND EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This report was written by Amrit Singh, Senior Legal Officer for the Open
Society Justice Initiative’s National Security and Counterterrorism program, and
edited by David Berry. It received valuable comments from Betsy Apple, James
Goldston, Morton Halperin, Jonathan Horowitz, Emi Maclean, Mia Nitchun,
Wendy Patten, Stephen Rickard, and Robert Varenik. The report also benefited
from discussions with Julia Hall and Meg Satterthwaite. Research assistance from
Stacy Cammarano, Tim Kertland, James Tager, and Cole Taylor is also gratefully
acknowledged. Special thanks are due to Joanne Mariner, Director of the Human
Rights Program at Hunter College, for sharing her research.
METHODOLOGY
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