スイス政府は欧州連合市民のスイスへの移民労働者を制限
Suiza se encierra en sus miedos
La próspera nación alpina teme la crisis europea y dificulta la inmigración
Los suizos aprueban en referéndum un endurecimiento de las condiciones de asilo
Ana Carbajosa (Enviada Especial) Berna 9 JUN 2013 - 21:16 CET
Switzerland is enclosed in its fears
The Alpine nation prosperous European crisis fears and difficult immigration
The Swiss referendum approved in a tightening of asylum conditions
Ana Carbajosa (Special Envoy) Bern 9 JUN 2013 - 21:16 CET
In the first class carriages there is not a spare seat. It's seven o'clock on a Thursday in the Zurich train that connects the Swiss financial center, with the capital Bern. In almost any country it would be the image of a train full, immediately. In Switzerland there. On this island of prosperity in Europe, trains and traffic jams on some roads have become for many Swiss clear signs that something is wrong, that the seams of the welfare state is more than necessary force. They feel, in short, that in this small country there is room for everyone and, therefore, it's time to bring order to the borders. It is a speech that is heard in the street, but also in government offices, where they now echo with a political agenda for years crushing the extreme right.
The Swiss referendum yesterday supported by a large majority (79%) a tightening of the asylum law. Switzerland has traditionally been a very generous host when political refugees compared to EU countries. The referendum held yesterday is just one step in a series of initiatives with which the political class tries to respond to citizens' growing anxiety. The most resounding and Brussels has angered activation has been called safeguard clause, which Switzerland has restricted long-term permits for workers from the EU, including Spanish. In the next 18 months, up to three referendums decide on the entry of foreigners into the country and help to redefine the identity of a country in which immigrants (23% of the population, most of them European, with the Germans to head) have historically been the engine of the economy.
Switzerland has traditionally been a very generous host when political refugees compared to EU countries. The referendum held yesterday is just one step in a series of initiatives with which the political class tries to respond to the growing anxiety citizen
What of the safeguard clause has been more a symbolic than anything else. It will affect only 3,000 workers in the EU, which in any case may request a leave of short duration until the restriction expires next year. But the reality, the data are almost the least. Because what these days dictates political impulses in Switzerland are mostly fears and perceptions, even more real, moreover, than reality. It was, as acknowledged by the rulers themselves, to calm the population and show that they are able to decide on the direction of the country, that is, to make decisions to control the entry and exit of workers, even against Brussels.
The financial troubles of the EU countries have contributed largely to exacerbate fears. The hard tormentone that rages in the rest of Europe has returned to spend long and Switzerland, where the economy is doing well-forecast 1.2% growth - unemployment is almost obviable-about 3% -, and exercise of direct democracy particularly guaranteed even enviable political stability. Knowing how cold it is outside its borders, much of the Swiss feared hordes of foreign workers more or less qualified to come to spoil the party. It makes sense, they say, that if their countries are not going well, want to come to us. The sound of the street confirms some of these arguments. Foreign languages are mixed in major Swiss cities. The Spanish, like John Crevillén, you hear very often. Crevillén is a young architect working on a study of Zurich for two years. Before he tried his luck in London, where he finished scrubbing floors. "When I was asked to come here, I did not hesitate." Here earns about 3,000 euros a month, but warns those who are thinking of emigrating that life is much more expensive in Switzerland. "It's tough, but the Spanish we lay a hand between us."
The Swiss employer does not want restrictions on entry. For them, the more competition, the better. Thomas Daum, director of the Swiss Employers Union, says that 2014 will be a pivotal year in which the Swiss with their feedback redefine their identity. Daum believes that the worst is yet to come and that activation of the safeguard clause has been a lesser evil. "It could have been more restrictive. We can live with this measure. Only last a year. The big question is what will happen in the coming months, in the next voting against immigration. Our labor market is not small, not enough to run our economy, "Daum estimated. Big pharma, banking, and production of machinery for export, main pillars of the economy simply will not work without those coming from outside.
The Swiss referendum yesterday supported by a large majority (79%) a tightening of the asylum law
The major arguments calling aerated limit foreign entry are removed at a stroke. The trains are not full because there are more people, but in part because the service has improved, it is faster and more Swiss has made the choice as a transport. That the presence of foreigners conducive to social dumping, ie wages fall, is something that denies employers and unions consider that to happen, would be resolved more inspections and respect for the law. And there is more crime, the Swiss do not leave open the door to their homes as before possible. It turns out however that it is in rural areas where there is little theft or attacks where dangerous alien speech sweeps, demonstrating once again the power of perception versus reality.
It is precisely out of the cities where the extreme right populist triumphs, the greatest force in Parliament and probably the main reason that the immigration debate in recent times cope with the end of bank secrecy in Switzerland's political agenda.
It is true however that the Swiss population has increased by tens of thousands of people each year in a country of only eight million people and that some facilities are not suitable for the size of the population. "There has been significant population growth in the country's economic lungs, which for example has not been accompanied by a property policy and have raised prices of apartments. That also blames foreigners, "said Cesla Amarelle, immigration law professor at the University of Neuchâtel and parliamentary socialist. "Politicians did not realize that growth has to be accompanied by infrastructure improvements. Some people travel standing on trains and that had never been seen in Switzerland ". On the train back to Zurich are no seats in the cars. It's not rush hour.
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