海外で働く経済後進国の労働者は、経済危機にも関わらず、本国への送金額は増加
Las remesas hacia países menos adelantados se triplican pese a la crisis
El montante recibido por habitante en 2010 es tres veces mayor al de 2000
En 2011, casi doblan el valor de las entradas de inversión extranjera directa
En el último año representan el 4,4% del producto interior bruto en el conjunto
Tiziana Trotta Madrid 26 NOV 2012 - 18:23 CET
Remittances to LDCs are tripled despite crisis
The amount received per capita in 2010 is three times higher than in 2000
In 2011, almost double the value of inward FDI
In the past year represent 4.4% of gross domestic product in the set
Tiziana Trotta Madrid 26 NOV 2012 - 18:23 CET
Nationals of the poorest parts of the world working abroad sent to their home about 27,000 million dollars (about 20.827 million euros) in 2011, according to the UN report on LDCs published Monday. Remittances continue to grow since 2008, despite the economic crisis and the stagnation of the global economy, and in ten years have managed to triple its value per capita, from 10 to 30 dollars.
The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) said that in the group of 48 least developed countries, including Haiti, Afghanistan and Chad, among others remittances increased nearly eight times between 1990 and 2001. Money sent from abroad for its 27.5 million citizens is a key element in the least developed areas, accounting for 4.4% of gross domestic product (GDP) of all countries and 15% of its exports . These percentages, which are three times those of other developing countries, come to increase in certain regions, such as Lesotho, Samoa, Haiti and Nepal, where between 2008 and 2010 remittances accounted for more than one fifth of the national GDP or even exceeding export revenues, as in Nepal and Haiti between 2009 and 2011 -. Two thirds of these remittances originate in developing countries.
Two thirds of these remittances originate in developing countries
Last year, remittances almost doubled the value of inward foreign direct investment in these countries (15.000 million) and is expected to continue growing in the medium term. This upward trend is revealed especially important, since the results of this group of countries as a whole were worse compared to 2010. In 2011, the total economic growth rate was 4.2%, which represents a decline even compared to the rate recorded in 2009 (4.9%), in the middle of global recession.
More mobile phone contracts bank accounts
The least developed countries had in 2011 with a larger number of mobile phone contracts (368 per 1,000 population) than bank accounts (171 per 1,000 population), allowing them to save on the cost to receive money from abroad.
UNCTAD experts stress the need to reduce the costs associated with the transfer of remittances to the country of origin, which often reach 12% of the amount sent, about a third more than the world average. It is estimated, for example, that in 2010 remittances to sub-Saharan Africa could have generated an additional $ 6,000 million for the receivers if the costs of sending the money you had not been so high.
The relationship between remittances and economic growth, however, is multifaceted. The UN Conference maintains that, if not properly controlled, large inflows of remittances can also be associated with the appreciation of the real exchange rate, undermining national competitiveness and hampering economic growth.
Most of the money coming from abroad often used directly in basic needs such as food or housing. The UNCTAD report notes that would be useful for a majority of these funds are channeled into activities such as development projects of local infrastructure and training to generate structural reforms of national economic systems, they become less vulnerable to collapse demand and prices for certain products.
0 件のコメント:
コメントを投稿