スペインでは今日からMadrid自治州とAsturia自治州で公立大学入学試験が始まる。2012年には200'000人の一般大学受験生と45'000人の特別大学入学受験生が試験を受けた
Empieza la selectividad para 200.000 alumnos de toda España
Los especialistas aconsejan evitar los tranquilizantes y combinar el estudio solos y en grupo
J. A. Aunión Madrid 4 JUN 2013 - 00:04 CET
Selectivity begins to 200,000 students across Spain
Specialists advise avoid tranquilizers and combine study and group alone
J. A. Aunión Madrid 4 JUN 2013 - 00:04 CET
Today starts in Madrid and Asturias selectivity examination (for the next few weeks will go celebrating in all communities), the mother of all final evaluations they complete the course, and one of the last if finally approved educational reform that drives Minister Jose Ignacio Wert and to replace these tests a high school revalidation. Last year there were nearly 200,000 students were examined in June and another 45,000 in the extraordinary selectivity. And this year will probably be a few more.
For them (and for the other students facing final exams) is a time of nerves, study binges, lack of sleep and whole families are awaiting the results. Some situations, often hard to deal with. The following is a review of the recommendations of experts to study better, perform better on tests and master your nerves.
»The best technique? Depends. Montse Tesouro, Professor of Education at the University of Girona, and Luis Alberto Furlan, a psychologist at the National University of Córdoba (Argentina), agree that the best technique depends on the student study of the subject and that many times, it combine well. "There are times when analytical reading skills and understanding are the most useful, others, it is a priority synthesized by tables, diagrams and summaries, and others in which they must memorize definitions or data, and there is more useful repetition" explains Furlan.
Also keep in mind the subject and the type of examination: "You must study the same way for a test exam, for a discussion of short questions for an exam or problem solving for a long exam questions" , says Modesta Pousada, professor of psychology and researcher at the University. Experts agree anticipated benefits, ie, practice taking tests similar to those that are to be eventually.
"The context. "We can not attend to multiple sources of information or multiple tasks simultaneously, without sacrificing any of them. Turn off or mute the phone or other devices, remove sources of noise and have at our disposal all the material you need is the first step, "says Pousada. That is, a comfortable environment without distractions is your advice. However, many times should also vary, for example, studying in groups. "The fact that some group study content increases motivation as a team has more information than any student separately and even diminish the frustrations. Moreover, the feeling of belonging to a group encourages communication and provides security. However, for content that requires more concentration, a single study may be more favorable, because there is less distraction factors, "explains Tesouro.
»Weather. Research has shown that memory is improved if, instead of a brief but intense period, is studied in smaller periods over more days. For example, three-day study after seven or eight hours, the practice is better distributed in two weeks, studying two hours daily, Pousada says: "Naturally, this means longer plan task planning study, and , when are they going to go rework the material making, which is essential for a good consolidation of learning. "
"How can parents help? First, he says Furlan, transmitting attitudes of "patience, perseverance, tolerance for mistakes." "Studying is a job, it takes effort, you have to learn how, frustrations and rewards includes short (understanding a subject and can explain it), medium (perform well on a test) and long term (school cycling). That parents continue studying (or read consistently) gives children a positive assessment of such activities, "the university psychologist Argentina.
"The time of the examination. "It is important that when we are in a situation assessment and try to retrieve information, we use two successive strategies: the first is used as the key recovery tracks we use when we learned: did a general outline that now we can continue mentally?, make a list? similarities and differences between the concepts?,? we scored a series of steps that must continue to remember the procedure for solving the problem? Second, if the above does not work, is to explore alternative ways: when and where we learned?, What material chapter explained?, Was it associated with a painting, drawing or photograph? "Adds Pousada.
"The fight against the nerves. "Anxiety is an emotional reaction that activates or puts us on alert for the possibility of a negative outcome, such as the possibility of suspending", explains Professor of Psychology at the Complutense Antonio Cano. The anxiety and stress expert explains how it works: "In the first level, attention tends to focus on the threat (in the possibility of obtaining a negative result) and cognitive appraisal of the situation tends to interpret such magnified threat. A physiological level activates the muscles and responses innervated by the autonomic nervous system (heart rate, temperature, sweating, etc.), among others. And finally, the behavior becomes more restless, agile or nervous. "
The secret to combat test anxiety is to focus on the task ("read the questions, analyze, make decisions, answer, take the place of the teacher who will correct") and not in the threat ("I will stay," " I should have studied more, "" if I fail I die "). It should also sleep well. "It is important not to use tranquilizers or any other substance, which could have effects different from those expected in a situation like this," says the specialist.
The Red and mobile for exercise
ELISA SILIO
There are already over 80,000 Network educational applications on a multitude of subjects and levels. And among them, of course, no shortage of those to answer questions about selectivity or simulations of the real test. The University of Extremadura unex.es collected in previous examinations and provides instructions for responding. Also the Basque Country, Alcala and Carlos III made accessible to the tests, although the most complete range is to universia.es, which houses the 17 tests. The clueless can remember how the process in the video-guide from the University of Burgos (tvubu.tv) and La Rioja devote a special section to the dreaded English test (unirioja.es).
Some ministries of Education have been engaged in creating platforms. The Catalan is called Posa't a proba (gencat.cat) is in Catalan and another depends Madrid Space of Higher Education (emes.es). While selectividad.tv are solved over 1,000 years testing 10 subjects. Thus, one reviews what he knows of Moses by Michelangelo with a written explanation and a video.
There are also paid apps. As mobile created to Santillana (tareasymas.es) including examination scripts from previous years, 500 video tutorials in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry in which problems are solved, 100 videos and 700 Language and Literature review of educational content 1st and 2nd year. Internet tutorials also offer websites like tutoramigos.com, or smart-academy.es educalivecom.
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