麻薬に関する議論の範囲を制限するために、米国の不本意
Las reticencias de EE UU limitan el alcance del debate sobre las drogas
La ambición de Guatemala choca con una correosa negociación en la OEA
HRW pide la despenalización de las drogas en América
Pablo Ximénez de Sandoval Antigua 5 JUN 2013 - 04:51 CET
The U.S. reluctance to limit the scope of the debate on drugs
Guatemala's ambition collides with a leathery OAS negotiation
HRW calls for the decriminalization of drugs in America
Paul Ximenez de Sandoval Antigua 5 JUN 2013 - 4:51 CET
The ambition of the Government of Guatemala to seize the General Assembly of the Organization of American States (OAS) in Antigua to raise openly the debate on the decriminalization of drugs was clear from that in the first draft of a joint statement that attempted to propose, appeared specifically the idea of ending the persecution of some substances. Gradually, over weeks of horse-trading, the text has been lowering in the multilateral negotiations. Diplomatic sources say they will remain important as progress, but now aspires Guatemala that progress is simply a debate that was closed.
The president of Guatemala, Otto Perez Molina, launched in early 2012 to change public debate confrontation strategy against drugs by a focus on prevention. He did not realize the decriminalization, but has implied in his speech appeared since. This Assembly is the opportunity to seek a consensus that, at least pick the glove that debate. Only the suggestion that the criminal should be changed on drugs will be considered a success.
On Tuesday night, the president of Guatemala said in his inaugural address to Guatemala, and other Central American countries, is forced to divert money from social policies needed to devote to the fight against drug trafficking. This dilemma is at the origin of its proposal. "I firmly believe in the need to analyze the results of current drug policies and explore new approaches that allow us to be more effective," said Perez.
"This assembly is being watched by the whole world for daring to seek a change in paradigm, that the protection of human rights is the focus of debate in the fight against drugs," said Perez. "Today you are witnesses of the first page of a new chapter in the hemispheric agenda of the drug strategy." The real purpose of the discussion, said Perez, president of one of the most violent countries in the world, is the reduction of violence.
For his part, Secretary General of the OAS, José Miguel Insulza, said that "the historic character of this assembly is to start a debate that could not be done before. Finish taboo decades. Today legitimize the debate, transparently, "Insulza said that President Perez Molina acknowledged the momentum. Insulza hoped the debate would lead to "public health approach" and help "reduce drug violence." But he also urged caution and "orderly debate."
On the main day of the Assembly, on Wednesday, it will come with a text practically closed in by polishing missing two issues that bother the United States, sources of two delegations. The first is that the majority of countries, with Guatemala to the head, claimed that after the declaration of this meeting be further discussed in a group of high level of foreign ministers or even presidents. United States rejects this idea and wants any change falls within the CICAD, OAS organ of drug control.
At another point, Guatemala, with the consensus of 14 countries, claimed that the OAS undertook to incorporate human rights component to the drug strategy across the continent, something that does not seem to likely to succeed. Finally, there is no consensus on a point which called for attention to the decriminalization of consumption policies already in place, as in Uruguay.
The solution to these issues is in the hands of foreign ministers, which established two dialogues in this assembly closed. For the Secretary of State of the United States, John Kerry, who arrived Tuesday after five in the afternoon at Antigua, this is the first Latin American summit. Kerry's presence has been interpreted by Guatemala as indicative of the importance he gives to his proposal. France Presse said Tuesday, citing a U.S. diplomatic source, that Kerry will have a brief meeting with President of Venezuela, Elias Jaua.
The Assembly of the OAS in Antigua started yet between requests of all kinds of organizations to advance more or less radical in decriminalizing drugs. The most significant proposal came from Human Rights Watch, which called for a press conference in the morning in Antigua by the end of the criminal prosecution of private consumption of all drugs. "The human rights cost of the war on drugs is huge," said HRW's director for the Americas, Jose Miguel Vivanco. "It is foolish to continue to persist in error."
Guatemala wanted to take this favorable environment. During the morning, the Foreign Minister, Fernando Carrera, appeared at a press conference wrapped up by half a dozen organizations, all in favor of decriminalization. "Are civil society organizations that have taken the lead [in the debate], before any government," said Carrera. Beside him, Pablo Cymerman, of Argentina Exchanges NGOs, complained that the proposal of Guatemala was being "liquified" in the negotiations, and asked to return to the text the part where specifically requested "the regulation of certain markets ".
All these organizations signed an open letter to the governments of the OAS represented in the Assembly very similar content to argumentario of Guatemala. The model "has broadened prohibitionist social gaps, economic inequities, political differences and international asymmetries," says the letter.
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