EL PAIS
アラブ諸国の自由化の春の叛乱で、チュニジアやリビアなどでは、言論の自由で、あたらしい新聞雑誌や、ラジオ局やテレビ局が創設
La prensa florece tras la 'primavera árabe'
Las revueltas de Túnez y Libia han traído una explosión de diarios, radios y televisiones
Directores de 40 periódicos magrebíes reclaman leyes que protejan el ejercicio del periodismo
Naiara Galarraga Hammamet 1 FEB 2013 - 10:25 CET
The press blooms after the 'Arab Spring'
The revolts in Tunisia and Libya have brought an explosion of newspapers, radio and television
Directors of 40 newspapers Maghreb claimed laws protecting the practice of journalism
Galarraga Naiara Hammamet 1 FEB 2013 - 10:25 CET
The Arab uprisings have not brought the necessary jobs for now and the desired prosperity. Yes brought democracy, although accompanied by an unknown political instability and insecurity. But revolutions also led a tangible improvement in any street or home from Tunisia and Libya: freedom of expression came overnight but is still imperfect. Rapidly proliferated new newspapers, radio stations and television channels. Hundreds of them were born in these two years. Others had to be reformed.
The wording of La Presse, the main state newspaper Tunisian chose a five-person editorial board that has guided his particular transition. Olfa Belhassine was one of them. Sheltered in the culture section during the dictatorship of Ben Ali, said that since the revolution is overturned in political reporting needs. Journalists are no longer hostage to the political apparatus. "Our biggest problem is the lack of professionalism, how to exercise one's work," he explains during a break in the meeting of Maghreb editors organized by the European Union last week in Hammamet (Tunisia).
For there were the findings of the official commission for the reform of information and communication in Tunisia: "Journalists have lost reflexes after a long period of inactivity and marginalization" by a system in which "loyalty to power, favoritism , cronyism and nepotism were the only criterion to recruit journalists at the expense of the ability and merit. " Neither the authorities are accustomed to criticism and all that goes with press freedom. "They believe that the media are not undergoing the press residues akin to Ben Ali, but it is not," said Taieb Zahar, editor of the weekly Réalités and president of the Tunisian Association of editors.
Since Tunisians cast the autocrat Ben Ali shouting "dégage" [scram] in January 2011, the media landscape has been enriched with five new channels and 12 broadcast stations. It reached record 228 headers, but many are only looking tabloids settle accounts with others, not professional practice journalism, according to the report. The kiosks and the web is full of information, headlines and cartoons unthinkable before the revolutions.
The transition of the media is not without its surprises and serious incidents, has Belhassine journalist, who complains that "there are still no laws to protect journalists and support the regime's militias that threaten them." The commission for the reform of the media has criticized the government, Islamist, the first freely elected in the polls, for his reluctance to regulate the information sector.
In Libya also fell dictator, Muammar Gaddafi, but there was virtually nonexistent state media and start almost from scratch. After liberation, "everyone wants to do his paper, because there you can print it is very cheap," says Khaled Ghulam, Libya exresponsable Authority for the Press. "We have registered some 450 newspapers and magazines." One of the first to go was in February (for the month in which the uprising began), he founded the National Transitional Council and directs the journalist Muna Raquiq. Ghulam detailing the four papers he with Gaddafi gone, "of course." And he admits: "I can not call them all newspapers, many lack journalistic standards, there are still a lot of confusion, but it's a good start."
A difficult start because these new media also face the economic crisis and of the press. Sami Zaptia well knows, founder and editor of the Herald Libya, which is published in English and is currently only on the web. Zaptia account in Hammamet are a handful of journalists who work almost artisan with very limited means. Strives to seek aid for the training of journalists because, he explains, "is very difficult to compete with oil, would sign the young men by real Sueldazo know English." Zaptia, a consultant who spent three decades in the UK and who caught the bug of journalism for years, confesses pride (and vertigo) that gives you know that many foreign embassies and its pages are still present in Libya.
Directors of some 40 newspapers in the five Maghreb countries (Tunisia, Libya, Morocco, Algeria and Mauritania) discussed and adopted a code of ethics that includes the rights and duties of professionals during a conference to which this newspaper was invited by EU. Attendees agreed to call on their governments to stop censoring the press and journalists and pass laws to protect the exercise of the profession. Hammamet forum was the first meeting of the directors of print media in the region, as he recalled the EU ambassador in Tunis, Laura Baeza.
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