スペインの2012年の労働者のストライキで失なわれたのべ労動日は、2011年の336'458日から、138%増加して803'178日に。労働法改革(改悪？)のせい。
Las jornadas de huelga se disparan en 2012 tras la reforma laboral
Los días no trabajados suben un 138% en los nueve primeros meses
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Manuel V. Gómez Madrid 14 ENE 2013 - 00:42 CET
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A pesar de que no está completa la foto del año, se puede concluir ya The strike days soar in 2012 after the labor reform
The days not worked up by 138% in the first nine months
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Manuel V. Gomez Madrid 14 ENE 2013 - 00:42 CET
And in the fifth year of crisis labor unrest soared. Since 2008, the number of hours lost due to strikes beat down, but last year the tables were reversed. The miners were joined by steel workers and industry, teachers, cleaners and employees of public transport. The result is that in the first nine months of 2012 was 803,178 days lost by strikes, compared to 336,458 in previous years, a 138% increase, according to the Ministry of Employment. And this has not yet joined the protests by locals against privatization doctors or health workers for their dismissals Telemadrid as official data only arrive until September.
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Although not complete the picture of the year, it can be concluded as much in 2012 increased labor unrest, and that's not counting the effects of two general strikes (drawn from the statistics to make comparisons homogeneous) nor the education sector strike in May. It lost more hours of work and workers protested: 199,400 versus 173,653. Instead, continued down the number of strikes, was 557, 11 less. The latest data does not change the initial conclusion but requires an explanation: the strikes called by more employees were followed and lasted much longer. This thesis aims Employment Situation Survey, Ministry of Employment, which shows how the hours not worked up until the third quarter.
Fear paralyzes. This aphorism fits like a glove to explain what happened to the strikes until 2011, when it fell to a record low. The recession and job losses are forcing workers to think twice if they participate in a protest. If you lose your job, not easy to find another. "The deteriorating situation is more visible with the crisis and that causes retraction" Carlos Palomeque judgment, Professor of Labour Law. We must also have rising unemployment: like it or not, an unemployed person can not go on strike.
The first conflict increases during the crisis
According to this teacher, what has happened this year is that "the severity of the attack [in reference to labor reform and cuts] has caused an awareness of the seriousness of the situation. The protests will grow. " What happened to December, according to figures from CEOE, agrees with him. Calculations of the employers, which added another general strikes, shows a significant increase of the three factors that measure labor unrest: strikes, hours and participants.
"There is a general increase in conflicts in companies linked to collective bargaining or attributable to labor reform," argues the Ministry of Employment looking for good measure, "down strikes in the companies (27% of participants ) and strikes for work (5% and 15% fewer participants). Also down strikes over [not strictly] labor (5%). " For the department of Fatima Banez, increased days lost due to the geographical concentration (Asturias and Castilla y León) and sector (steel and mining). "This points to the conflict of coal," he concludes.
The CEOE notable increase in strikes by the collective redundancies
The strike of the coalfields explains the loss of nearly 220,000 days between May and September, but there are still after deducting an annual increase of 74%. Also rose much unprovoked conflict during the negotiation of agreements nor strictly labor caused by reasons. Translation: the rise caused by cuts, privatizations and redundancies-facilitated by labor reform in the private sector and, especially, in the audience. "It highlights the conflicts linked to the processing of job layoffs," analyzes CEOE in its December report.
For Carlos Prieto, Professor of Sociology of Work, this is because "the strikes have increasingly defensive in nature. Reivindicas to stay as you are. Especially when there is a crisis. Now there are called strikes demanding a wage increase in an agreement. " Prieto he cites the health strike in Madrid: The cause has not been strictly labor, doctors protesting against privatization, "but we all know that it will eventually have an impact on working conditions."
Unions provide a direct increase in hours not worked with government policies. "The deterioration in employment, collective redundancies, non-payment of wages, non-renewals of agreements ... all these consequences of labor reform have led to increased conflict," says Toni Ferrer, secretary of the UGT union action. "People are not as willing to resign. This year, what has happened is that the outrage has gone from social movements to the labor struggle, "he adds. His counterpart of CCOO, Ramon Górriz, share the list of causes and adds another, more in line with political and trade union demand for a referendum to sanction the government's policy, "Rajoy democratic rule in fraud because otherwise it makes your program and that angers people. "
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