2012年09月24日月曜日16:40 晴れ 最低気温;18ー20ºC、最高気温;24ー26ºC、BARCELONA
漁業規制の6年後のクロマグロの個体数回復
Gran recuperación del atún rojo en solo seis años de control pesquero
La convención de la especie ultima un informe que apunta que la población reproductora se ha duplicado
Los científicos, sorprendidos por los datos
Rafael Méndez Madrid 23 SEP 2012 - 19:42 CET
los científicos.
Great recovery of bluefin tuna in just six years of fisheries control
The last convention of the species a report pointing to the breeding population has doubled
Scientists surprised by data
Rafael Mendez Madrid 23 SEP 2012 - 19:42 CET
Bluefin tuna is a kind amazing in many ways. Adults weigh 300 kilos, are warm-blooded and able to swim at 70 kilometers per hour. Not only that, but has demonstrated enviable resilience. In 2006, after decades of overfishing, and when all the alarms sounded by the increasing demand for sushi, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) set a recovery plan that reduced-catch quota has dropped from 32,000 tons in 2007 to 12,900 in 2012 - the fleet capacity and imposed a minimum size of 30 kilos to fish. Despite repeated announcements of doom about the plan, it worked. The Scientific Committee of ICCAT last report, one of whose draft has accessed the country, which highlights the recovery of the species. Despite the uncertainties about the data, the review has surprised scientists.
COUNTRYIn 2010, the committee of ICCAT performed the first analysis of how the plan worked. Used data from 2009 and in just two years pointed some optimism. ICCAT, which groups 48 countries, held shares and instructed to update the assessment in 2012.
Between 4 and 11 September, the agency met at its headquarters in Madrid, some 50 experts from a dozen countries. They were also responsible for fishing nets, traps, NGOs, the European Commission ... From "stock assessment session bluefin tuna" should leave the document be adopted by the ICCAT in early October.
The text, which is not yet public and is subject to change in form, not in the main data-reveals optimism. This highlights that the catches of the traps (fixed on the coast) have grown since 2007 and increasingly seiners take less time to complete their quota. An example: the group Balfegó, Tarragona, plays in less than a week of fishing with the allocated quota.
Experts doubts on the speed of recovery
The fishermen have been saying for years that there is more tuna environmentalists saying - "jump of the sea" as an expert pattern-defined, and now scientists seem to assume this thesis. "The recent trend in the indicators is probably a reflection of recent positive management measures," said the committee. Scientists say that since the mid-nineties to 2007 real catches of bluefin tuna were much higher than claimed and could reach between 50,000 and 61,000 tons. Then the fishermen used to track aircraft-after schools was banned. To catch them during the breeding season, when they come together in the Mediterranean, it was relatively simple for a seiner take out in one go huge amounts of tuna. The share is now down to 12,900 tonnes.
"Since 2008, there is a significant reduction in reported catches, following more restrictive quotas," the committee said, adding that there are methodological uncertainties. "All the models used by the group show a clear recovery of tuna biomass player, but the speed and extent of this upward trend is still very uncertain." Still gives optimistic estimates. Quote of the bluefin tuna spawning biomass (the oldest of four years) was 300,000 tons during the late fifties and early seventies, dropped to 150,000 in the mid-2000. Now, biomass has been estimated between 295,000 and 380,000 tons, according to sources familiar with the discussions and requesting anonymity because the report is not yet public.
"With the recovery plan, the European fleet has continued to capture one million juveniles per year. One such measure has had a huge impact on the population, "said one of those present. Four sources confirm the findings, but asked not to be quoted.
Between 1990 and 2006, demand for sushi brought the species to their limits
The recovery plan for bluefin tuna has set as goal to have 60% chance of getting in 2022 the "maximum sustainable yield of the species," which means fish 50,000 tons without affecting the population. Now, the committee says keeping fees, some models give that recovery could be achieved before 2016.
Scientists point out that given the methodological limitations in the next assessment in three years, will use a new methodology to estimate the population. And in the meantime, should maintain current conditions.
Sergi Tudela, of the WWF, said that "with all precautions, WWF welcomes the good news, is no stranger to working towards the conservation of this species developed by this organization the last 12 years."
For years, environmentalists have had to bluefin tuna as an icon, and the struggle with the fishermen is not over at all. Tudela said: "We fully support the demand for scientists to keep current management measures over the next three years, and encourage further efforts to eliminate illegal". The industry, meanwhile, begins to think that it is time to increase the quota, although not to the levels prior to the recovery plan (not least because it would sink prices).
WWF believes that "the example of the management of the bluefin fishery should encourage the European Commission, the European Parliament and the member states to adopt a new Common Fisheries Policy" with plans for several years that include "effective reduction programs fishing overcapacity ".
What makes its way now is that the bluefin tuna fishery unsustainable model for years, may become counter example, recovery measures and management control. Sushi fans can finally have some good news.
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