スペインの2500万0000件の利用者の240億0000'0000ユーロに登る電力赤字を削減するために、政府は新しい電力税を創設し、30億0000'0000ユーロの税収を見込む
LAS CLAVES DE LOS CAMBIOS ELÉCTRICOS
La reforma sin forma
La batalla entre Industria y Hacienda por el futuro del sector energético termina con nuevas
La vía usada para taponar el déficit eléctrico la acabará pagando los usuarios
Santiago Carcar Madrid 23 SEP 2012 - 01:15 CET
KEYS electrical changes
Formless Reform
The battle between Industry and Finance for the future of the energy sector ends with new
The route used to plug the power deficit will end up paying the users
Carcar Santiago Madrid 23 SEP 2012 - 01:15 CET
After months of debate, ad, pressure, leak and notorious clashes between the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Finance, the government has intervened in the market to pass an energy bill of fiscal measures is far from representing real reform of a key sector for the country's economy. With the planned fiscal measures in environmental and energy sustainability, the executive, however, has achieved something rare: to upset all those affected by the measures, without exception, what Industry interpreted as a test of the extent balanced -, and also agree to make all agents when forward who will pay the cost of advertised. And there are no surprises. The consumer will pay.
For parts. To understand all the fuss created, one must first know what the Government has approved and why. It's simple. The project includes a half-dozen new taxes, theoretically aimed at companies operating in the sector, both traditional and renewable sector, to raise around 3,000 million euros and plug the big problem that corrodes the system: an accumulated deficit in the last decade from 24,000 million which results from the difference between the cost to be recognized by the electricity utilities and the rates they pay most of the 25 million users.
Industry generally interpreted the rejection as a balancing test
With the help of a transfer of the Treasury-Finance Minister Cristobal Montoro, who assumes principal and interest via 2,100 million of the debt burden and accumulated Industry has designed a plan ("fiscal storm" in the industry qualify him ) to prevent, at least in the short term-read 2013 -, the electricity deficit continues to grow exponentially. By law, the 2013 deficit has to be zero.
So, if adopted as announced, in January there will be a general tax of 6% for all electricity generators, a fee (22%) to the hydro, taxes on production and storage of nuclear waste, to tax exemptions fossil fuels are burned to generate electricity and a new tax of 2.79 cents per cubic meter of natural gas. All measurements are added to the bite that gave Industry in March, by decree, the costs recognized utilities (940 million) along with the moratorium on the extension of new renewable capacity.
moreThe Government will implement energy taxes for 6800 millionNew taxes in lightMontoro disavows energy reform posed SoriaThe electrical fear the impact on profits and financingThe government expects 6,800 million through energy taxesA cumulative increase of 70% in six years without curbing the deficit
The "fiscal storm" passed last week has little to do with the original plan of Industry. In July, the ministry looked different taxes based technologies (11% to 19% wind and photovoltaic), along with a general rate of 4%. And nothing to do with a real energy reform. "It's a missed opportunity," laments the president of the employers' association Unesa, Eduardo Montes, who advocates more tough on cutting premiums for renewables (path of the 7,000 million per year), which blames the increase of the tariff deficit.
The chairman of the powerful electrical employer, which includes, among others, the two companies most affected by government action, Endesa (estimated by the new taxes of 287 million in gross profit) and Iberdrola (520 million), has right about the missed opportunity. Because the system needs fundamental reform. To understand this, just look at the data from the Eurostat statistics agency. Between 2006 and 2011, the price of electricity for domestic consumers Spanish, according to Eurostat, excluding taxes, increased 69.9%, while in the EU (27 countries) grew by 19.9% and in the euro area , 13.1%.
You might think, perhaps, that with that price increase of 70% in five years, well above the cumulative inflation over the same period (12.3%) could be adjusted revenues and costs of the system to hold the deficit . Well no. Far from it, the difference between corporate income and costs are recognized has not stopped growing. So, as admitted the same Industry Minister Jose Manuel Soria, no task-much-done.
If one can imagine the energy sector as an area bounded by four sides, this could be an import dependency of 80%, electricity prices among the highest in Europe, the deficit of 24,000 million which makes Spain a country unique in the world (PwC report) and a tariff system that causes the greatest number of complaints from users after telecommunications services. A system so infirm that to Ombudswoman Soledad Becerril, has decided to open an investigation to determine if electricity bills are only made to be collected rather than to be understood. And a system so cracked that, this week, the National Energy Commission (CNE), always careful at the time of review, have been forced to acknowledge that "in the retail gas and electricity recorded a degree high consumer dissatisfaction, more for the electricity sector. "
The problems persist
Well, none of the four sides forming imaginary space that disappears with the tax measures announced. The problems persist. And the confusion. This is highlighted Javier García Breva, socialist former deputy, former director of the Institute for Energy Diversification and Saving (IDEA, 2004-2005) and president of the Renewable Foundation. "The project," says García Breva, "is based on environmental protection, but the body of the text does not refer at all to issues of dependence on fossil fuels, energy intensity and emissions of greenhouse gases." "The environment," he says, "is merely an excuse to raise".
Power companies think the same: the true reform is, once again, outstanding. And that means that the battle will continue Unesa with a central idea: the project approved by the government tax bonus as inefficient (renewables) on how efficient and cheaper. Logically, the best match for your plants.
There is a widespread feeling that the reform could have been worse
With all those affected appear angry, the most widespread feeling that things could have been worse. Even the stock market, badly digested always uncertainty has behaved according to that idea. In the last week, the prices of the three big utilities have not behaved negatively. Markets, they say in business, have not reacted negatively to seudorreforma approved by the Executive. Everything could be worse.
A representative of the requesting anonymity photovoltaic sector supports its partners have accepted even by more than 6% approved by the Council of Ministers if the government had relaxed the pre-cut premiums applied in 2010 by the government of Rodriguez Zapatero (30% in three years).
Among incumbents, more accustomed to not give any advantage to the regulator, it is harder to find someone who openly acknowledge that the Government could have gone further. But that's what analysts. The Nomura, for example, they have noted in their reports that the market feared something worse. Incidentally, Nomura says bluntly what they fear and warned virtually all consumer associations: they who pay tax the battery finally approved the consumer will walk. Experts assume that the new general tax of 6% will be transferred from producers to final consumers, although the impact may not be instantaneous.
Overruns and less competitive
The conclusion is glib analysts because everybody supports it. The gas employers, Sedigas, has made it clear what will happen. Since the association has warned that "a rate of 2.79 cents per cubic meter shall make the industry competitive with a gas cost increase of 7%. Nor will favor the domestic economy, which should take the same 7% along with a significant rise in consumer prices passed on by rising energy costs. " You could say higher, but not clearer. Or maybe yes. The Association of Enterprises with high energy consumption (AEG), which brings together companies which account for 12% of global electricity consumption, said in a note that Industry measures will generate "significant additional costs" that will impact directly on industrial consumers, which would lead to the "final loss of competitiveness of modern industry."
Again, the depth review of the system is for tomorrow
The question is relatively simple. Although the minister Jose Manuel Soria was quick to point to the new taxes need not affect the users pocket, the fact is that there is nothing to stop doing business. The effect is obvious. I also believe in the National Energy Commission (CNE). The only question here is what percentage of increase will move the consumer: "The whole, probably not," noted this week a counselor.
All cabals also occur when the government has to decide what will happen to the prices of last resort (TUR) paid 20 million users in the fourth quarter. Soria has advanced to the regulated part of the TUR (called access fees), which account for half of the bill, will not vary. Everything depends, therefore, the energy auction (Cesur) being held next Tuesday.
The prices have been very volatile, say the experts, on the occasion of the announced reform have begun to move. But there is no indication that significant price increases. Another thing is from January. Because the bill passed shrinking water from a cracked, but does not solve the problem. Consequence: once again, the important-depth review of the operation of the system-is pending. Tomorrow.
Renewable Foundation / In a few months, back again
Renewable Foundation (citizen movement that advocates the energy model) believes the bill without changes in processing, will do nothing to solve the problems of the electrical system, let alone the whole of the energy sector. The Foundation predicts that in a few months be raised again the need to address, and more urgently.
The text adopted by the Government, he argues, has only one tax collection effort does not address key issues of energy and the price formation in the electricity system and contains strong measures of efficiency, reduction of fossil fuel consumption and emissions, who are the real problems of energy in the country.
PV inverters / Caught between two cuts
"We're trapped." Says the president of the Association of Producers and Investors Renewable Energy (Anpier), Miguel Martinez-Aroca, which claims to represent 4,000 small investors in PV systems. Anpier, which has not been integrated into the common platform UNEF photovoltaic (also grouped installation companies and large companies and investors), shared with the association petitioned the Minister Soria: no overlap in 2013 the 30% cut in premiums approved in 2010 the Socialist government to cut the big bubble photovoltaic with the rate of 6% recently approved. Nevertheless, in the photovoltaic industry is admitted that the pressure of big investors and international funds has prevented greater evils.
Paper producers / Threat of relocation
The paper sector, large energy consumer and producer while using electricity cogeneration systems, has warned that the penny-green gas 2.79 cents per cubic meter, and 6% to pay for electricity production will have "a delocalization effect in one of the best industries were responding to the crisis. " With 17,200 direct jobs, the industry argues that energy reform raised hinder the access of these companies to international markets. The companies grouped in Aspapel used for gas production (63%) and biomass, and have opted for power cogeneration and export to shore up its business at a time of economic crisis.
Requiring employers / Changes in the bonus system
The big power companies and employers that groups, Unesa, remain one of the most important requests receive the premiums are paid via renewables State Budget and not through tariffs, as happens now. Well, the recently approved bill opens the door to that possibility. The second additional provision states that "the proceeds under this law will be used to finance certain costs of the electricity system." (...) "The specific items," he continues, "will be established in the Law on State Budget and will be taken into account in the provisions enacted to establish access tolls". Free way? Change?
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