スペイン人の81%は貧困国を援助すべきと考えている
ENCUESTA DE METROSCOPIA PARA PLANETA FUTURO
La ayuda a los países pobres, un deber moral para el 81% de españoles
La mitad de la población piensa que el presupuesto que España dedica a ayudar a los países menos desarrollados se debe mantener sin cambios
Visita nuestra nueva sección sobre desarrollo, Planeta Futuro
MAR TOHARIA Madrid 5 FEB 2014 - 20:52 CET
Metroscopia SURVEY FOR FUTURE PLANET
Aid to poor countries, a moral duty to 81% of Spanish
Half of the population thinks that Spain's budget dedicated to helping less developed countries should be kept unchanged
Visit our new section on development, Future Planet
MAR Toharia Madrid 5 FEB 2014 - 20:52 CET
Spain must engage meaningfully in development aid because "it is a moral duty and helps to build a more just and sustainable world." So says 81 % of Spaniards , without major differences between political leanings , gender or age. In a context of economic crisis, where Spain is facing a sharp increase in poverty and internal inequalities , citizens unanimously agree with the need for cooperation with poor countries and explain to these two fundamental reasons. Other arguments , more strategic nature , such as strengthening the image of Spain in international settings ( agree 57% ) , or help Spanish companies ( reviewer 54% ) , are secondary .
51 % of Spaniards also think that development aid actually helps improve the situation of developing countries. Those who disagree ( 46% ) think that is mainly due to the corruption of the countries receiving aid , the fact that rich countries and multinational exploit less developed countries ( the main explanation for voters PSOE ) and the existence of war in places of destination. The support manager role by NGOs remains well rated, and is the reason less to do with the Spanish aid ineffectiveness .
On the other hand , half of the population thinks that Spain 's budget dedicated to helping less developed countries should be kept unchanged. And in it there is a general agreement between the PP and PSOE voters , although with nuances. 36% of PP voters believed it necessary to reduce the budget, while 27 % of PSOE voters agree to raise it. You may see these reviews are conditioned , first , by the perception of global economic crisis and, secondly , by the fact that the Official Development Assistance (ODA ) Spanish has fallen 70% since 2009 . In recent years , most of the countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development ( OECD) has made cuts , although the decline of the Spanish budget has been higher than Greece , Italy or Portugal. And the 2012 budget reduced by 49.7 % in 2011. Spain currently spends 0.2% of gross national income , as well as dedicated in 1981 , a rate well below the 0.7% that had been pledged to achieve by 2012 with the UN.
The objectives that should govern the actions of international cooperation , and therefore this budget should be , according to the Spanish population : reducing child mortality (significance of 9.3 out of 10) , the eradication of extreme poverty and hunger ( 9.1) and disease control ( 9.1). These are three of the eight purposes of human development that member countries of the United Nations agreed to achieve by the year 2015 and called Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs). A year after the expiry of this period , many of them are still a global challenge. The global economic crisis has slowed progress in poverty reduction and in most regions , hunger eradication has stalled. Although infant mortality is declining, according to FAO, does not make it fast enough to achieve the target set for 2015.
Finally , these challenges are perceived particularly acute in sub-Saharan Africa, the geographic area to which the Spaniards believe that priority should be given (7.7 out of 10) . Followers , more than a point away, and Asia Pacific and Latin America . The Maghreb and the Middle East ranks last . This order is quite consistent with the figures published by the FAO in 2013 on the distribution of hunger in the world , while Asia Pacific and ranks first in population size . For its part, the IV Master Plan for Spanish Cooperation , which governs foreign policy between 2013-2016 , provides that the funds will go towards a few countries , those in which converge the strategic interests of Spain . Thus, 23 Countries Association (PA ) located defined : 12 in Latin America and the Caribbean, 4 in North Africa and the Middle East , 3 in sub-Saharan Africa, 3 in Central Africa and 1 in Asia. The Development Assistance Committee ( DAC) of the OECD has recognized the efforts of Spain to decouple its development aid the interests of domestic enterprises , but urges cooperation to focus on the poorest populations , taking into account that 65 % of their funds go to middle-income countries .
Indeed , international cooperation is now facing a horizon of change, marked by the expiration of deadlines ( such as the MDGs ) . And the future scenario Agenda post-2015 development , and in discussion, the Director of the Spanish Cooperation Plan has proposed to boost the dimensions that were considered absent in the current objectives , such as : governance democracy , civic participation , human rights , food security and inclusive economic growth. Also, consider that in an increasingly interdependent world, Global Public Goods are especially important and it is necessary to incorporate the development agenda . It will thus surely a greater emphasis on the causes of poverty and possible mechanisms of resolution of their symptoms . The Spanish ODA is thus making its way to respond to the general expectation of the population : to help build a more just and sustainable world.
FUTURE PLANET survey by telephone to a national sample of people over 18 interviews. 600 interviews are completed . With the criteria of simple random sampling , for a confidence level of 95.5 %. Date of completion of field work: 17 and December 18, 2013 .
Mar Toharia Terán is Metroscopia geographer and analyst on issues of urban culture and sustainable development .
0 件のコメント:
コメントを投稿