スペインでは電気料金制度を改正し、2014年4月には、電気料金の入札制度を廃止に。
“La subasta eléctrica desaparece en abril”
El secretario de Estado de Energía anuncia que usará la media de los precios mayoristas
Industria planea frenar el 'tarifazo' de la luz
El Gobierno limita la subida de la luz al 2,3%
Miguel Ángel Noceda Madrid 8 FEB 2014 - 00:13 CET
"The power auction disappears in April"
Secretary of State for Energy announced it will use the average wholesale prices
Industry plans to curb 'rate hikes' light
The Government limits the rise of light to 2.3%
Miguel Angel Madrid Noceda 8 FEB 2014 - 00:13 CET
Alberto Nadal Belda ( Madrid, 1970 ) has been commissioned , as Secretary of State for Energy , running the electricity reform , which has led to unrest in all sectors involved . In this interview anticipates that the Government will abolish the auction system implemented to date.
Question. You came to office 13 months ago to fix a sector that was to drag.
Response . When they called me , I did not hesitate a second. But he was aware that the task was not easy. Surely the financial problem of the energy sector is one of the most complicated inheritance . I stress the financial problem, because the system works well : we have blackouts, outages or underserved areas and the mix is right . The costs were very high and we have made huge marches lose competitiveness and have placed a huge financial system fragility. Revenues and costs fell causing a structural hole grew 10,000 or 11,000 million a year. A point of GDP ! It was unsustainable. The challenge was to help close the waterway and provide stability . Now, the challenge is not resolved with plasters, requires important decisions .
" Whoever can pay annually , although the bill will be more expensive "
P. In hindsight , do you think that is thoughtful , considered and executed the electricity reform ?
R. Is well thought out and considered the most difficult steps and you are given . We listened to the whole sector, the CNMC [ National Commission of Markets and Competition ] and have polished hundreds of small details. There have been many hours of work, a lot of effort , and in fact we have given a complete system for remuneration of the regulated party back , and that consumes resources .
P. And what will happen with auctions that fixed the price for domestic consumers ?
"We have paid the rest of the world in renewable learning curve "
R. For April 1 will be a new much more simple and transparent system that will allow significant savings for domestic consumers . In the previous system the energy price was set by auction , that made the price of wholesale electricity market , which fluctuates every hour, on a constant price for a quarter. It was very complex, with many intermediaries and generated a high additional cost to the consumer. In the new system disappear auctions and will be taken as the price of energy has actually been in the electricity market during the consumption of receipt.
P. And how is it set?
R. According to the billing period , which can be monthly or bi-monthly and will be fixed according to the wholesale market price . Variations respond to the true cost of energy . Although the annual total price will be lower , in all likelihood , that was until now. For those who want more stability in price we will impose an obligation on traders bidding reference in which the price remains stable throughout the year. Obviously be higher, but we understand that there are consumers who prefer this option.
"Fixing the sector is not resolved with plasters, requires important decisions "
P. Is not there a risk that can be manipulated ?
R. The electricity market gives generally a good price signal , the proof is that now we have the lowest prices by favorable weather. And the idea that the government and the CNMC are constantly monitoring the market and for any unusual circumstances , we are prepared to act quickly , warranties, as happened with the December auction , which was canceled in less than 24 hours.
P. Financial intermediaries disappear ? Therefore ?
R. Indeed , the relationship will be with the supplier of the consumer .
P. Are costs covered will remain 55% of the bill?
R. Yes , except a very volatile energy evolution . What has made the reform is to freeze the fixed costs of the system and pay the tolls to be set once a year , in January, and invested the two concepts that are paid , so that the power goes from assume 35% to 60 % , and consumption, from 65% to 40 % , which is benefit families .
P. Are electrical helped ?
R. Stakeholders typically prefer to be others who take the setting. Everyone understands the problem, but no one is willing to get involved in the solution. It is the government that is responsible and distributes the costs of adjustment . The sector had lived largely outside the crisis. We have tried to make each one has his due . It can not happen that all sectors and wages to adjust remuneration and power are untouchable.
P. Are you aware that industry faces a very powerful ?
R. Organized sectors , and this is an organized sector , have the capacity to influence, if only because they are received in the ministry offices . But the great mass of electrical consumers are not as organized . And if someone has to ensure the Government is for these who have seen the bill grows and grows and does not understand why . Those who understand , because they live inside it, do their best to prevent the adjustment falls on them.
P. He says that Spain has an appropriate energy mix , but ...
R. Yes, we have nuclear , coal , gas, photovoltaic, solar thermal , wind ... all possible technologies. The problem is that they have not implemented at the right time , especially in the case of renewable and , within these , solar . The Government remains committed to renewable but at a reasonable cost . If instead of having invested in 2007 and 2008 , we had done from 2009 would have cost much less and would have had access to EU funds. The art of energy policy is to keep the balance between three legs : security of supply , competitiveness and price, and environmental impact. You can not sacrifice any and that was what was done in past legislatures , who paid little attention to competitiveness. We should have waited until the technology was mature .
P. Will Spain was guinea pig ?
R. More than that , we paid them to the world the learning curve . This is serious because Spain is not a country with wealth and power to give to the world that learning. The costs have become a mortgage that is for the consumer for many years and , thanks to her, other countries much cheaper install renewable technology . However, there are positive things greatly renewable , and that reduce oil imports and increase competition .
P. How that has changed the remuneration of renewable ?
R. Renewable had high remuneration . Every time I left a royal decree of retribution, had tail investors because profitability was outstanding. Were planned 400 megawatt photovoltaic emerged in 2007 and seven times . Spain planned to generate 13% renewable by 2013 and we are at 17.5 %. For power , we have 70% of the global installed power , still very expensive . All under a system in which the permissions are assigned according to the first comer . There is a way of efficient allocation , since it will not be given to the design cheaper , but which has additional information . Many times awarded permits sold immediately at a profit , in others the developer sold the project once finished like a financial investment. Supporting renewable ended up becoming a financial business based in the BOE.
P. We are going to rain demands.
R. I do not think we have a constitutional and legal order in which , once a government has taken a decision , subsequent governments can not change to safeguard the public interest. The profitability of 7.5% set in the new regulation is more than reasonable considering the situation and profitability of facilities. The above Act was setting reasonable profitability as the criterion on which to base the support system for renewable and along the same lines , the Supreme Court ruled .
P. Electrical complain that they are not consulted .
R. That is not so. We may have had dozens of meetings with the sector before the reform .
P. Why say otherwise ?
R. Because the BOE did not fully reflect its position . The government has tried to find a center of gravity which naturally satisfies no one . We listened to traditional power , renewable , to cogenerators , consumers , the market operator , the system ... and we chose what we thought best . Each and every one of the solutions we received were to raise taxes, electricity bills or elsewhere outside the sector that suffered the setting. They listen , another thing is that they ignore everything. But regulation can not be made from Unesa or from any other association , the Ministry is listening to everyone . In addition there are many things we do with them , such as giving battles in Brussels.
P. Electrical say the bill includes costs that are not part of the electrical industry.
R. To give an idea of the costs have been covered the fundamental problem of the system , I think a proper campaign. But they also participate in grants and other costs which are unrelated to the operation of the electrical system , as premiums are renewable and the mainland .
P. It is striking that says go together to Brussels when electrical denounce them there.
R. There are areas where we have common interests because at stake is the security of supply . For example , Spain has 11 years behind the goal of having 10% interconnect . However, Europe is much more concerned with achieving objectives percentages of reduction or renewable energy-intensive than in the interconnection. Our mission is to put those things on the agenda. The first point to make is whether the European energy policy is consistent . I think Europe was precipitated . I should have made a more efficient European policy from the beginning. He should have opted for greater network integration, and renewable entire system will feature pay very low premiums among states, taking into account the most efficient way to have a low carbon economy.
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